Table 2 Baseline characteristics of study subjects

Age (years)

60.1 ± 2.92

60.6 ± 3.03

62.5 ± 2.70

Female (n, %)

9 (30.0)

9 (32.1)

8 (30.8)

Weight (kg)^a

55.4 ± 2.37

56.7 ± 2.61

55.9 ± 2.48

BMI (kg/m²)^a

19.9 ± 0.68

20.6 ± 0.77

20.4 ± 0.75

MAC (cm)

25.2 ± 0.53

25.4 ± 0.70

24.2 ± 0.80

TSF (mm)

11.0 ± 0.89

12.2 ± 1.04

10.1 ± 0.88

MAMC (cm)

21.8 ± 0.50

21.5 ± 0.53

21.0 ± 0.72

Systolic BP (mmHg)

111.2 ± 2.85

116.3 ± 2.21

116.5 ± 2.76

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

74.2 ± 2.52

73.5 ± 1.52

75.0 ± 1.89

Disease history

 Hypertension

13 (43.3 %)

16 (57.1 %)

12 (46.2 %)

 Diabetes^b

5 (16.7 %)

5 (17.9 %)

6 (23.1 %)

 Stroke

23 (76.7 %)

15 (53.6 %)

18 (69.2 %)

 Cardiovascular disease

4 (13.3 %)

3 (10.7 %)

6 (23.1 %)

 Hyperlipidemia

3 (10.0 %)

7 (25.0 %)

2 (8.00 %)

 Cancer

1 (3.30 %)

1 (3.60 %)

2 (8.00 %)

Energy intake goal (kcal/day)

1273.3 ± 32.5

1310.7 ± 45.5

1269.2 ± 46.7

Average energy intake (kcal/day)

1267.2 ± 33.8

1302.6 ± 44.5

1270.5 ± 47.0

Time to reach 100 % experimental EN feeding (days)

2.57 ± 0.22

2.57 ± 0.29

2.58 ± 0.21