Table 4 Comparison of fatty acids in plasma in very preterm infants between two sample groups
Concentration in plasma (% of weight of total lipids) | Birth | 3 months | 6 months | 12 months | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ω-6/ω-3 = 2 | ω-6/ω-3 = 1 | ω-6/ω-3 = 2 | ω-6/ω-3 = 1 | ω-6/ω-3 = 2 | ω-6/ω-3 = 1 | ω-6/ω-3 = 2 | ω-6/ω-3 = 1 | |
Group A (n = 24) | Group A (n = 20) | Group A (n = 22) | Group B (n = 18) | Group A (n = 22) | Group B (n = 18) | Group A (n = 24) | Group B (n = 18) | |
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
Saturated fatty acids | ||||||||
C12:0 | 1.38 (0.88) | 1.02 (0.55) | 2.89 (1.75) | 1.17 (0.45)* | 5.05 (1.85) | 3.62 (1.51) | 3.72 (1.08) | 4.35 (1.19) |
C14:0 | 1.40 (0.52) | 1.34 (0.52) | 1,90 (0.65) | 1.17 (0.15)* | 2.03 (0.36) | 1.88 (0.35) | 1.74 (0.31) | 1.94 (0.38) |
C15:0 | 0.63 (0.48) | 0.48 (0.28) | 0.43 (0.21) | 0.49 (0.22) | 0.46 (0.14) | 0.42 (0.17) | 0.45 (0.25) | 0.37 (0.14) |
C16:0 | 21.78 (2.17) | 23.70 (3.44) | 19.86 (2.78) | 20.33 (1.08) | 19.94 (1.05) | 21.01 (0.77) | 19.77 (1.00) | 19.59 (0.85) |
C17:0 | 0.51 (0.14) | 0.48 (0.14) | 0.46 (0.11) | 0.45 (0.11) | 0.35 (0.11) | 0.36 (0.08) | 0.38 (0.11) | 0.34 (0.08) |
C18:0 | 8.33 (1.33) | 8.24 (1.43) | 8.50 (1.12) | 8.24 (0,79) | 7.25 (0.86) | 7.39 (0.70) | 7.31 (0.94) | 6.73 (0.89) |
C20:0 | 0.27 (0.10) | 0.23 (0.13) | 0.20 (0.08) | 0.28 (0.05)* | 0.14 (0.05) | 0.18 (0.06) | 0.21 (0.04) | 0.24 (0.04) |
C22:0 | 0.90 (0.34) | 1.08 (0.35) | 0.70 (0.46) | 0.58 (0.07) | 0.60 (0.14) | 0.56 (0.05) | 0.55 (0.09) | 0.54 (0.09) |
C23:0 | 0.04 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.01) | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.00) |
C24:0 | 0.44 (0.13) | 0.40 (0.12) | 0.34 (0.10) | 0.38 (0.06) | 0.42 (0.16) | 0.39 (0.08) | 0.45 (0.13) | 0.39 (0.10) |
C26:0 | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.00) |
SFA | 35.69 (4.24) | 36.99 (4.78) | 35.31 (3.49) | 33.13 (1.86) | 36.26 (1.59) | 35.68 (1.40) | 34.58 (1.25) | 34.50 (1.49) |
Monounsaturated fatty acids | ||||||||
C14:1ω5 | 0.34 (0.23) | 0.20 (0.07) | 0.35 (0.23) | 0.19 (0.17) | 0.17 (0.11) | 0.17 (0.09) | 0.12 (0.04) | 0.09 (0.01) |
C16:1ω7 | 3.39 (1.67) | 4.64 (2.48) | 1.86 (2.48) | 1.02 (0.41) | 0.77 (0.22) | 1.03 (0.40) | 1.10 (0.30) | 0.98 (0.34) |
C18:1ω9 (t) | 0.24 (0.13) | 0.23 (0.11) | 0.27 (0.13) | 0.24 (0.05) | 0.18 (0.06) | 0.19 (0.05) | 0.18 (0.04) | 0.17 (0.05) |
C18:1ω9 (c) | 24.78 (2.99) | 26.30 (3.36) | 25.39 (2.17) | 26.50 (2.63) | 22.97 (1.90) | 24.62 (2.02) | 22.03 (2.13) | 25.06 (2.52)* |
C18:1ω7 | 0.59 (1.02) | 0.49 (0.81) | 0.31 (0.62) | 0.14 (0.09) | 0.16 (0.19) | 0.36 (0.50) | 0.11 (0.03) | 0.14 (0.11) |
C20:1ω9 | 0.11 (0.25) | 0.05 (0.01) | 0.05 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.03)* | 0.05 0.02) | 0.05 (0.01) | 0.05 (0.01) | 0.05 (0.01) |
C22:1ω9 | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.08 (0.03) | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.01) |
C24:1ω9 | 1.08 (0.33) | 1.26 (0.36) | 0.90 (0.34) | 0.96 (0.41) | 0.70 (0.17) | 0.87 (0.19)* | 0.77 (0.18) | 0.88 (0.18) |
MUFA | 30.60 (3.77) | 33.25 (4.89) | 29.18 (3.74) | 29.17 (2.53) | 25.04 (1.86) | 27.35 (1.71)* | 24.40 (1.90) | 27.42 (2.53)* |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids | ||||||||
C18:2ω6 (t) | 0.12 (0.07) | 0.11 (0.05) | 0.12 (0.05) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.15 (0.13) | 0.11 (0.04) | 0.12 (0.04) | 0.10 (0.01)* |
C18:2ω6 (c) | 19.89 (8.41) | 16.57 (9.27) | 23.36 (5.56) | 26.43 (2.18) | 26.75 (1.99) | 26.91 (1.63) | 28.22 (1.74) | 27.68 (1.66) |
C18:3ω6 | 1.36 (0.92) | 1.42 (0.91) | 0.91 (0.63) | 1.36 (0.77) | 1.06 (0.62) | 1.64 (0.74) | 1.48 (0.73) | 1.69 (0.57) |
C18:3ω3 | 0.98 (1.07) | 0.84 (0.98) | 0.82 (0.28) | 0.95 (0.18) | 0.69 (0.16) | 0.84 (0.08)* | 0.71 (0.17) | 0.91 (0.13)* |
C20:2ω6 | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.08 (0.04) | 0.09 (0.08) | 0.10 (0.05) | 0.08 (0.04) | 0.12 (0.09) | 0.08 (0.01) | 0.07 (0.01) |
C20:3ω9 | 0.10 (0.03) | 0.10 (0.04) | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.01) |
C20:3ω6 | 1.45 (0.39) | 1.57 (0.55) | 1.14 (0.29) | 1.44 (0.42)* | 0.69 (0.20) | 0.82 (0.27) | 0.87 (0.18) | 0.90 (0.18) |
C20:4ω6 | 7.20 (1.75) | 6.80 (1.57) | 6.56 (1.29) | 4.77 (1.09)* | 6.74 (0.88) | 4.22 (1.16)* | 6.95 (1.55) | 4.55 (0.78)* |
C20:5ω3 | 0.16 (0.13) | 0.10 (0.14) | 0.12 (0.10) | 0.11 (0.10) | 0.06 (0.07) | 0.06 (0.07) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) |
C22:4ω6 | 0,37 (0.12) | 0.37 (0.07) | 0.29 (0.07) | 0.28 (0.05) | 0.28 (0.06) | 0.29 (0.05) | 0.38 (0.07) | 0.31 (0.08) |
C22:5ω6 | 0.05 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.10) | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.04 (0.01) | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.04 (0.01) | 0.04 (0.01) |
C22:5ω3 | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.02)* | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) |
C22:6ω3 | 1.89 (0.65) | 1.70 (0.47) | 1.90 (0.37) | 1.93 (0.25) | 2.05 (0.37) | 1.66 (0.29)* | 2.02 (0.51) | 1.67 (0.38) |
Total ω6 | 30.54 (6.73) | 26.97 (8.12) | 32.55 (5.53) | 34.56 (1.80) | 36.76 (2.54) | 34.15 (1.61)* | 38.14 (2.21) | 35.34 (2.43)* |
Total ω3 | 3.07 (0.88) | 2.68 (0.79) | 2.87 (0.50) | 3.04 (0.29) | 2.84 (0.33) | 2.62 (0.28)* | 2.81 (0.42) | 2.67 (0.39) |
ω-6/ω-3 | 10.41 (2.91) | 10.30 (2.25) | 11.5 (1.9) | 11.4 (1.2) | 12.7 (1.7) | 13.2 (1.2) | 13.9 (2.7) | 13.5 (2.5) |
PUFA | 33.71 (7.27) | 29.75 (8.77) | 35.51 (5.78) | 37.69 (1.87) | 38.69 (2.52) | 36.82 (1.81)* | 41.02 (2.09) | 38.08 (2.32)* |