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Table 2 Patterns of changes in the densities of small-intestinal endocrine cells in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, and postinfectious IBS (PI-IBS)

From: The relation between celiac disease, nonceliac gluten sensitivity and irritable bowel syndrome

Endocrine cell type

IBS

Celiac disease

PI-IBS

Secretin

Decreased

Decreased

Unknown

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Decreased

Increased

Increased

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

Decreased

Increased

Unknown

Serotonin

Unchanged

Increased

Unchanged

Somatostatin

Decreased

Increased

Unknown