Table 2 Association between consumption of apple products, apples, apple sauce, and apple juice and Healthy Eating Index-2010 total and component scores in children participating in NHANES 2003–2010 (N = 13,339)
Healthy eating index-2010 & Components | Total apple products | Apples | Apple sauce | Apple juice | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consumers (n = 3,482) LSM ± SE | Non-Consumers (n = 9,857) LSM ± SE | P-value | Consumers (n = 1,891) LSM ± SE | Non-Consumers (n = 11,448) LSM ± SE | P-value | Consumers (n = 332) LSM ± SE | Non-Consumers (n = 13,007) LSM ± SE | P-value | Consumers (n = 1,714) LSM ± SE | Non-Consumers (n = 11,625) LSM ± SE | P-value | |
Total Score | 50.4 ± 0.4 | 41.9 ± 0.3 | <0.001 | 52.5 ± 0.5 | 42.7 ± 0.3 | <0.001 | 52.1 ± 0.8 | 47.2 ± 0.4 | <0.001 | 51.4 ± 0.6 | 46.5 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
Total Vegetables | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.03 | 0.519 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.03 | 0.108 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.03 | 0.055 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.04 | 0.730 |
Greens & Beans | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.03 | 0.052 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 0.021 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.03 | 0.070 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.03 | 0.162 |
Total Fruit | 4.2 ± 0.04 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.04 | <0.001 | 4.0 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
Whole Fruit | 3.6 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 4.7 ± 0.04 | 1.6 ± 0.04 | <0.001 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 0.071 |
Whole Grains | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 0.002 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 0.102 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 0.457 |
Dairy | 7.1 ± 0.1 | 6.8 ± 0.1 | 0.028 | 7.2 ± 0.1 | 6.9 ± 0.1 | 0.043 | 8.0 ± 0.3 | 7.7 ± 0.1 | 0.227 | 7.8 ± 0.2 | 7.7 ± 0.1 | 0.521 |
Total Protein Foods | 3.4 ± 0.04 | 3.5 ± 0.03 | 0.032 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.03 | 0.451 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 3.3 ± 0.03 | 0.608 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.04 | 0.362 |
Seafood & Plant Protein | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.03 | 0.113 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.03 | 0.001 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 0.699 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 0.230 |
Fatty Acid Ratio | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 0.466 | 3.9 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 0.377 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 0.787 | 3.5 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 0.281 |
Sodium | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 4.9 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 5.0 ± 0.1 | 0.019 | 6.1 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 0.091 | 5.7 ± 0.2 | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 0.072 |
Refined Grains | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 5.1 ± 0.1 | 0.022 | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 0.408 | 6.2 ± 0.4 | 5.7 ± 0.1 | 0.300 | 6.0 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 0.064 |
Empty Calories | 11.2 ± 0.2 | 8.6 ± 0.1 | <0.001 | 11.5 ± 0.3 | 8.9 ± 0.12 | <0.001 | 11.1 ± 0.4 | 10.1 ± 0.2 | 0.025 | 11.7 ± 0.3 | 9.8 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |