Table 1 Univariate risk factors for overall complications
Item | Patients with complication (n = 72) | Patients without complication (n = 68) | Overall (n = 140) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics: | ||||
Age (mean ± SD) | 69 ± 14 | 66 ± 14 | 68 ± 14 | 1.01 (0.99-1.04) |
>70 yrs | 40 (56%) | 38 (56%) | 78 (56%) | 0.99 (0.51-1.92) |
Gender (M : F) | 45 : 27 | 33 : 35 | 78 : 62 | 1.77 (0.9-3.45) |
Type of surgery: | ||||
upper GI | 16 (22%) | 8 (12%) | 24 (17%) | 2.54 (0.94-6.85)1 |
lower GI/retroperitoneal | 30 (42%) | 27 (40%) | 57 (41%) | 1.41 (0.68-2.93)1 |
HPB | 26 (36%) | 33 (48%) | 59 (42%) | 1 |
Nutritional support type: | ||||
IN : ICN | 38 : 34 | 31 : 37 | 69 : 71 | 1.33 (0.69-2.59) |
Charlson comorbidity index: | ||||
0 | 4 (6%) | 12 (18.5%) | 16 (12%) | 1 |
1-3 | 56 (78%) | 34 (52%) | 90 (66%) | 4.94 (1.47-16.56) 2 |
4-7 | 6 (8%) | 12 (18.5%) | 18 (13%) | 1.5 (0.34-6.7)2 |
>7 | 6 (8%) | 7 (11%) | 13 (9%) | 2.57 (0.53-12.38) |
>3 | 25 (35%) | 24 (35%) | 49 (36%) | 1.15 (0.75-1.74) |
Nutritional parameters: | ||||
Clinical | ||||
NRS-2002 (mean ± SD) | 3.7 ± 1.0 | 4.0 ± 1.0 | 3.8 ± 1.0 | 0.77 (0.54-1.09) |
Nutritional diagnosis: | ||||
AM | 35 (49%) | 22 (32%) | 57 (41%) | 1 |
MM | 26 (36%) | 35 (52%) | 61 (44%) | 0.47 (0.22-0.97) 3 |
SM | 11 (15%) | 11 (16%) | 22 (16%) | 0.63 (0.23-1.69)3 |
Weight difference/initial | −5.9 ± 8.7 | −8.4 ± 7.1 | −7.1 ± 8.1 | 1.04 (0.99-1.09) |
weight (%) (mean ± SD) | ||||
Weight loss >10% | 21 (29%) | 22 (32%) | 43 (31%) | 0.86 (0.42-1.77) |
Time span of weight loss (d) (mean ± SD) | 138 ± 167 | 170 ± 251 | 154 ± 212 | 1 (0.99-1.01) |
BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) | 23.7 ± 4.2 | 23.1 ± 4.1 | 23.4 ± 4.2 | 1.03 (0.96-1.13) |
BMI (kg/m 2 ) > 25 | 35 (49%) | 26 (38%) | 61 (44%) | 1.53 (0.78-3) |
Lean body mass (kg) (mean ± SD) | 48.3 ± 9.0 | 46.5 ± 9.5 | 47.4 ± 9.2 | 1.02 (0.98-1.06) |
% lean body mass (mean ± SD) | 70.7 ± 10.2 | 71.9 ± 9.3 | 71.3 ± 9.8 | 0.99 (0.95-1.03) |
Mid upper-arm muscle circumference (cm) (mean ± SD) | 244.1 ± 27.9 | 237.5 ± 33.2 | 240.9 ± 31 | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) |
Physical activity score 3+ | 20 (28%) | 21 (31%) | 41 (29%) | 0.86 (0.42-1.78) |
Energy gap (kcal) (mean ± SD) | −270 ± 548 | −326 ± 692 | −297 ± 620 | 1 (0.99-1) |
Protein gap (g) (mean ± SD) | −2.4 ± 23.2 | −2.9 ± 24.7 | −2.6 ± 23.9 | 1 (0.99-1.01) |
Compliance with allocated nutritional support (>10/15) | 40 (56%) | 41 (60%) | 81 (58%) | 0.82 (0.42-1.61) |
Biological | ||||
Albumin (<35 g/l) | 8 (11%) | 5 (7%) | 13 (9%) | 1.6 (0.49-5.17) |
Prealbumin (<0.2 g/l) | 23 (32%) | 24 (35%) | 47 (34%) | 0.87 (0.43-1.78) |
CRP (<10 mg/l) | 25 (35%) | 19 (28%) | 44 (31%) | 1.38 (0.66-2.88) |
Hemoglobin | 41 (57%) | 28 (41%) | 69 (49%) | 1.88 (0.95-3.75) |
(<133 g/l for men; | ||||
<117 g/l for women) |