Nutritional and herbal supplements for anxiety and anxiety-related disorders: systematic review

Nutrition Journal

Table 2 Trials testing passionflower

Reference	Study Design	Sample Population	Intervention	Control	Length of Treatment	Outcomes	Direction of Evidence	Reported Adverse Events
Bourin (1997) [34]	Randomized; Double-blind; Parallel Group	182 outpatients with adjustment disorder with anxious mood	Euphytose¹; 2 tablets, 3 times a day	Placebo tablets	28 days	Significant reduction in HAMA scores (from D7 to D28) in favour of Euphytose treatment	+	No serious AEs. Dry mouth Headache Constipation Drowsiness
Akhondzadeh (2001) [32]	Randomized; Double-blind; Parallel group	36 outpatients with DSM-IV for GAD for at least 6 months	45 drops/day of Passiflora extract plus placebo tablet	Oxazepam 30 mg/day plus placebo drops	4 weeks	Decrease in HAMA for both treatments²; overall no significant difference in efficacy between treatments	+	Higher impairment of job performance in oxazepam group; overall no significant difference in total side effects³
Movafegh (2008) [33]	Randomized; Double-blind; Parallel Group	60 patients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy	Oral Passiflora incarnata (500 mg, Passipy™ IranDarouk)	Placebo	Given as pre-medication 90 minutes before surgery	NRS anxiety scores were significantly lower in the passiflora group	+	Not reported

AEs: Adverse events; HAMA: Hamilton Anxiety Scale; DMS-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition; GAD: generalized anxiety disorder; NRS: numerical rating scale.
1. Combination of Crataegus oxyacantha (10 mg), Ballota foetida (10 mg), Passiflora incarnata (40 mg), Valeriana officinalis (50 mg), Cola nitida (15 mg) and Paullinia cupana (15 mg).
2. D4 oxazepam; D7 passiflora.
3. Passiflora, mild/moderate: Dizziness, Drowsiness, Confusion, Ataxia, Allergic reaction, Impairment of job performance.

ISSN: 1475-2891