Table 2 Estimates of nitrates, nitrites and nitrosamines in food items and alcoholic beverages by the National Birth Defects Prevention Study calculated serving size

Food Item

Cheese (1 slice or 1 oz)

Cottage or ricotta cheese (1/2 cup)

Ice cream (1/2 cup)

Skim or low fat milk (8 oz glass)

Whole milk (8 oz glass)

Yogurt (1 cup)

Fruit Products

Avocado (1) or guacamole (1 cup)

Bananas (1)

Cantaloupe (1/4 melon)

Fresh apples or pears (1)

Hawaiian punch, lemonade, or other fruit drinks (1 glass)

Orange juice (small glass)

Oranges (1)

Other fruits fresh, frozen, or canned (1/2 cup)

Peaches, apricots, plums, or nectarines (1 or 1/2 cup)

Raw chile peppers, jalapeño (1)

Salsa (1 cup) (fruit or tomato)

Tomatoes (1) or tomato juice (small glass)

Grain Products

Biscuit, scone, croissant and muffin (1)

Cereal

Dark bread (slice) including wheat pita bread

Rice or pasta (1 cup)

Tortilla (1)

White bread (slice), pita bread, bagels and crackers

Meat and Bean Products

Bacon (2 slices)

Beans or lentils, baked or dried (1/2 cup)

Beans, refried (1 cup)

Beef, pork, lamb or cabrito as a main dish (4–6 oz)

Beef, pork, lamb or cabrito sandwich or mixed dish

Chicken livers (1 oz)

Chicken or turkey (4–6 oz)

Eggs (1)

Fish (3–6 oz)

Hamburger (1 patty)

Hot dogs (1)

Liver, non specific (3–4 oz)

Organ meats and tongue (3–4 oz)

Peas or lima beans (1/2 cup frozen, canned)

Processed meats – sausage, salami, lunchmeat, pâté (piece or slice)

Vegetable Products

Broccoli (1/2 cup)

Cabbage, cauliflower, brussel sprouts (1/2 cup)

Carrots, cooked (1/2 cup)

Carrots, raw (1/2 cup or 2–4 sticks)

Corn (1 ear or 1/2 cup frozen, canned)

Potatoes baked, boiled (1) or mashed (1 cup)

Soy milk or soy yogurt (8 oz)

Spinach or collard greens, cooked (1/2 cup)

Squash (1/2 cup)

String beans (1/2 cup)

Tofu, tempeh or soy burgers (4oz)

Yams or sweet potatoes (1/2 cup)

Fats, Oils, Nuts, and Sweets

Butter (pat), added to food or bread

Cake (slice) or donut (1)

Candy without chocolate (1 oz)

Chocolate (1 oz)

Cookies (1)

French fried potatoes (4 oz)

Margarine (pat), added to food or bread

Nuts (small packet or 1 oz)

Oil and vinegar dressing (1 tbs)

Peanut butter (1 tbs)

Pie (slice)

Potato or corn chips (small bag or 1oz)

Alcoholic Beverages

Beer (12 fl. oz/354.9 ml)

Wine (5 fl. oz/147.9 ml)

Liquor and mixed drinks (1.5 fl. oz/44.4 ml)

Malt beverages (8 fl. oz/236.6 ml)