From: The effect of walnut intake on factors related to prostate and vascular health in older men
 | Baseline | Change Following Average American Diet2 | Change Following Intervention Diet2 | P-value for Difference in Change |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.01 ± 0.16 | -0.02 ± 0.12 | -0.18 ± 0.12 | 0.13 |
HDL, mmol/L | 1.36 ± 0.06 | -0.04 ± 0.04 | -0.05 ± 0.04 | 0.95 |
Oxidized LDL, mmol/L | 2.61 ± 0.16 | -0.15 ± 0.11 | -0.16 ± 0.11 | 0.98 |
Triglycerides3, mmol/L | 1.31 ± 1.01 | 1.00 ± 1.00 | 1.00 ± 1.00 | 0.48 |
LDL, mmol/L | 3.11 ± 0.15 | 0.03 ± 0.13 | -0.10 ± 0.13 | 0.21 |
LDL:HDL | 2.37 ± 0.16 | 0.15 ± 0.15 | 0.04 ± 0.15 | 0.34 |
Non-HDL:HDL | 2.79 ± 0.19 | 0.18 ± 0.15 | 0.03 ± 0.15 | 0.28 |
Total PSA, μg/L | 5.02 ± 0.63 | -0.07 ± 0.35 | 0.05 ± 0.36 | 0.75 |
Free PSA, μg/L | 0.92 ± 0.13 | 0.05 ± 0.10 | 0.13 ± 0.10 | 0.56 |
Percent Free PSA3, % | 38.8 ± 1.04 | 1.03 ± 1.03 | 0.99 ± 1.03 | 0.07 |
Testosterone nmol/L | 16.4 ± 1.11 | -0.60 ± 0.70 | -0.75 ± 0.70 | 0.82 |
Bioavailable testosterone nmol/L | 4.66 ± 0.29 | -0.35 ± 0.26 | -0.34 ± 0.26 | 0.99 |
Percent bioavailable testosterone, % | 0.92 ± 0.13 | -0.85 ± 0.93 | -0.45 ± 0.94 | 0.66 |
IGF-1, μg/L | 143 ± 9.11 | 10.6 ± 5.85 | 1.79 ± 6.07 | 0.13 |
3α-Androstanediol glucuronide, nmol/L | 13.8 ± 1.55 | -0.02 ± 0.01 | -0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.90 |
Estradiol, pmol/L | 97.7 ± 5.74 | 1.22 ± 4.02 | -3.85 ± 4.02 | 0.34 |
Alpha-tocopherol,4 μmol/L | 29.3 ± 2.19 | -0.71 ± 1.30 | -2.65 ± 1.30 | 0.13 |
Gamma- tocopherol,4 μmol/L | 4.14 ± 0.43 | 0.26 ± 0.52 | 0.83 ± 0.52 | 0.08 |
Tocopherol ratio alpha:gamma4 | 11.0 ± 9.91 | -0.51 ± 1.99 | -3.49 ± 1.99 | 0.01 |