Table 2 Characteristics, co-existing medical conditions and diagnosis of children aged <60 months with severe malnutrition.
HIV-positive children n (%) | HIV-negative children n (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptoms and signs | (n = 123) | (n = 192) | |
Diarrhoea (all) | 52 (42) | 67 (35) | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) |
Persistent diarrhoea (>2 weeks) | 32 (26) | 28 (15) | 2.1 (1.1–3.8)* |
Oral thrush | 20 (16) | 15 (8) | 2.3 (1.1–4.7)* |
Bilateral oedema (nutritional) | 53 (43) | 119 (62) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7)* |
Severe dehydration | 7 (6) | 11 (6) | 1.0 (0.4–2.7) |
Chest x-ray findings | (n = 109) | (n = 158) | |
Bronchopneumonia | 26 (24) | 48 (30) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) |
Interstitial pneumonia | 40 (37) | 48 (30) | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) |
Suspected tuberculosis | 14 (13) | 18 (11) | 1.2 (0.5–2.4) |
Blood tests | (n = 122) | (n = 191) | |
Malarial parasites | 10 (9) | 19 (11) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) |
Severe anaemia (Hb < 5 g/dL) | 10 (8) | 2 (6) | 1.3 (0.6–3.3) |
Bacteraemia | 24 (20) | 32 (17) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) |
Urine tests | (n = 109) | (n = 160) | |
Bacteruria | 33 (30) | 36 (23) | 1.5 (0.9–2.6) |