Effect of calcium phosphate and vitamin D3supplementation on bone remodelling and metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron

Table 5 Bone metabolism markers and bone-related hormones in blood and urine after intervention with either tricalcium phosphate, vitamin D ₃ or both

Parameter	Supplements	Placebo	Interventions
Parameter	Supplements	Placebo	4 weeks	8 weeks
Plasma 1,25-(OH)₂D [pmol/l]	CaP^t	102.9^a (24.7)	93.3^b (24.7)	76.3^c (24.5)
	Vitamin D₃ ^t	97.9 (27.5)	108.3 (23.9)	99.2 (38.1)
	CaP+vitamin D₃ ^t	92.2^b (31.0)	100.4^a (31.1)	86.0^b (23.1)
Plasma osteocalcin [ng/ml]	CaP	20.3 (6.5)	20.4 (6.5)	20.9 (7.2)
	Vitamin D₃	21.8 (7.2)	23.4 (8.2)	20.7 (8.8)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	20.1 (7.0)	20.2 (6.4)	19.9 (7.6)
Plasma alkaline phosphatase	CaP	9.6^a (3.9)	10.7^b (3.9)	9.3^a (3.7)
	Vitamin D₃	9.1^a (3.5)	10.3^b (3.6)	9.0^a (3.6)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	9.8^a (3.4)	11.3^b (3.9)	9.5^a (3.1)
Serum PTH [μg/l]	CaP	56.6 (12.2)	74.4 (35.8)	71.9 (25.1)
	Vitamin D₃	65.0 (24.7)	71.2 (29.2)	66.5 (21.0)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	62.0 (20.1)	63.3 (17.8)	60.6 (19.8)
Serum CTX [ng/ml]	CaP	0.3 (0.1)	0.2 (0.1)	0.3 (0.2)
	Vitamin D₃	0.3 (0.2)	0.3 (0.2)	0.3 (0.1)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	0.3 (0.1)	0.2 (0.1)	0.2 (0.1)
Serum P1NP [ng/ml]	CaP	44.5 (19.1)	42.5 (16.5)	44.2 (19.7)
	Vitamin D₃	48.8 (18.9)	44.4 (20.7)	50.9 (24.7)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	41.4 (17.6)	36.3 (19.7)	40.4 (15.9)
Urine DPD [nmol/l]	CaP	29.2 (14.9)	31.6 (20.0)	27.0 (14.5)
	Vitamin D₃	25.3 (13.7)	22.8 (11.5)	25.5 (9.8)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	23.7 (9.0)	25.8 (16.0)	28.1 (15.2)
Urine CTX [mg/l]	CaP	1.0 (0.6)	1.1 (1.1)	0.7 (0.5)
	Vitamin D₃	0.9 (0.7)	0.8 (0.6)	1.1 (0.6)
	CaP+vitamin D₃	0.9 (0.7)	0.9 (0.7)	1.2 (1.1)

n = 55; data are expressed as mean (standard deviation); CaP: tricalcium phosphate; 1,25-(OH)₂D: 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; 25-(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; PTH: parathormone; CTX: cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; P1NP: N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen; DPD: desoxypyridinoline; ^{a b} mean values within a row with dissimilar superscript letters are significantly different (p ≤ 0.05); results without superscripts in a row/column have no significant differences; effect of time was tested using general linear model with repeated measurements (with pairwise comparisons based on Fishers-LSD test); effect of supplementation was tested using univariate analysis of variance followed by Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test; ^t for statistical analysis the data were log₁₀ transformed, because of variance heterogeneity.

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