Table 2 Fetal and neonatal outcome
From: Malnutrition in pregnancy following bariatric surgery: three clinical cases of fetal neural defects
CASE 1 | CASE 2 | CASE 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
FETAL OUTCOME | |||
Gestational age at diagnosis (weeks + days) | 22 + 0 | 20 + 5 | 20 + 3 |
Ultrasound findings | |||
Indirect signs | |||
Deformation of frontal cranial bones (lemon sign) | Present | Present | Absent |
Abnormal curvature of cerebellum (banana sign) | Present | Present | Absent |
Ventricle dilatation (site; grade) | Bilateral; Moderate | Bilateral; Moderate | Absent |
Hypoplastic posterior cranial fossa | Present | Present | Absent |
Direct signs | |||
Spinal deformation (level of lesion) | Lumbar L1-L5 | Thoracic Lumbar (T9-S1) | Absent |
Myelomeningocele (dimension mm) | Present (27x28) | Present (54x37) | Absent |
Other associated malformations | Sacral Agenesia | Hemivertebrae T5 | Absent |
Magnetic resonance imaging | |||
Findings | Moderate bilateral ventriculomegaly (Arnold Chiari Type II); spina bifida extending from T1-T5 | Moderate bilateral ventriculomegaly (Arnold Chiari Type I); spina bifida extending from T9-S1 | Not Performed |
NEONATAL OUTCOME | |||
Sex | F | F | M |
Gestational age at birth (weeks; days) | 38 | 38 | 34 + 6 |
Mode of delivery | Elective Caesarean Section | Elective Caesarean Section | Vaginal |
Apgar score | |||
1 minute | 6 | 8 | 5 |
5 minutes | 7 | 9 | 7 |
Weight at birth (gr) | 2700 | 3090 | 2287 |
Surgery | Closure MMC + DVP | Closure MMC + DVP | - |