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Table 2 Dietary intake of the major sources of lutein and zeaxanthin intake (g/day) and energy intake expressed as mean ± standard deviation, (median) and confidence interval [ 95% CI]

From: Markers of lutein and zeaxanthin status in two age groups of men and women: dietary intake, serum concentrations, lipid profile and macular pigment optical density

 

Men

Women

Aged 20–35 years

Aged 45–65 years

Total sample (n = 108)

Food groups (g/day)

Fruit

225.4 ± 197.4

223.4 ± 178.6

150.4 ± 119.5b

298.4 ± 213.1b

224.4 ± 187.3

(200.0)

(193.9)

(151.9)

(269.2)

(197.5)

[171.5; 279.3]

[174.6; 272.1]

[117.8; 183.0]

[240.2; 356.6]

[188.7; 260.1]

Vegetables

280.8 ± 158.1

269.1 ± 140.1

238.0 ± 128.4b

311.9 ± 159.4b

275.0 ± 148.8

(261.2)

(271.4)

(231.0)

(290.7)

(266.3)

[237.6; 323.9]

[246.6; 303.3]

[202.9; 273.0]

[268.4; 355.4]

[246.6; 303.3]

Fruit + vegetables

506.2 ± 278.2

492.5 ± 265.6

388.4 ± 190.2b

610.3 ± 294.6b

499.3 ± 270.8

(451.0)

(475.5)

(410.3)

(577.3)

(458.7)

[430.3; 582.1]

[420.0; 565.0]

[336.4; 440.3]

[529.9; 690.7]

[447.7; 551.0]

Eggs

25.8 ± 28.5

24.8 ± 21.8

25.7 ± 24.8

24.9 ± 26.0

25.3 ± 25.3

(21.3)

(21.3)

(21.3)

(20.7)

(21.3)

[18.1; 33.6]

[18.8; 30.7]

[18.9; 32.4]

[17.8; 32.0]

[20.5; 30.1]

Energy intake (Kcal)

2334 ± 584a

1895 ± 402a

2096 ± 494

2133 ± 597

2114 ± 546

(2233)

(1904)

( 2072)

(1994)

(2054)

[2174; 2493]

[1785; 2004]

[1961; 2231]

[1970; 2296]

[2010; 2218]

  1. aSignificant difference between sexes (p < 0.001).
  2. bSignificant difference between age groups (p < 0.001).