Table 3 Multivariate-adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis determined by fish intake and other factors potentially associated with occurrence of atherosclerosis
From: Habitual fish intake and clinically silent carotid atherosclerosis
Effect | OR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 1.12 | 1.09 – 1.15 |
Gender (M vs. F) | 1.44 | 0.92 – 2.24 |
Smoking status: | ||
Former vs. never smoker | 1.35 | 0.77 – 2.35 |
Current vs. never smoker | 1.04 | 0.63 – 1.73 |
Dietary pattern: | ||
Intermediate vs. Mediterranean | 1.19 | 0.74 – 1.92 |
Unhealthy vs. Mediterranean | 1.20 | 0.63 – 2.27 |
Frequency of fish intake: | ||
1 vs. <1 servings/week | 0.92 | 0.53 – 1.60 |
≥ 2 vs. <1 servings/week | 0.52 | 0.29 – 0.92 |
Physical activity level: | ||
Light vs. none | 1.0 | 0.64 – 1.56 |
Moderate/heavy vs. none | 0.71 | 0.33 – 1.50 |
Use of statins: yes vs. no | 1.27 | 0.65 – 2.48 |
Hypertension on treatment: yes vs. no | 1.86 | 1.19 – 2.92 |
Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 1.03 | 1.01 – 1.04 |