Table 4 Coefficients from multiple regression analysis between total B vitamins intake and neuropsychological test scores according to AD, MCI and normal groups

All (n = 321)

20.6 ± 5.9

8.4 ± 3.5

9.4 ± 4.7

11.5 ± 5.5

3.1 ± 2.5

6.5 ± 3.0

3.7 ± 3.2

7.9 ± 2.7

 Vitamin B₂ (mg/d)

β (SE)

0.581 (0.265)

0.376 (0.170)

0.182 (0.245)

0.284 (0.255)

−0.055 (0.126)

0.192 (0.162)

0.079 (0.161)

0.190 (0.129)

p- value

0.029

0.028

0.458

0.266

0.664

0.237

0.625

0.143

 Vitamin B₆ (mg/d)

β (SE)

0.609 (0.323)

0.647 (0.205)

0.317 (0.298)

0.395 (0.310)

−0.067 (0.153)

0.294 (0.197)

0.008 (0.196)

0.202 (0.157)

p-value

0.060

0.002

0.288

0.204

0.664

0.137

0.969

0.201

 Vitamin B₁₂ (μg/d)

β (SE)

0.288 (0.173)

0.160 (0.111)

0.131 (0.159)

0.306 (0.164)

0.002 (0.082)

0.073 (0.106)

0.089 (0.105)

0.163 (0.085)

p-value

0.098

0.150

0.413

0.063

0.979

0.490

0.397

0.055

 Folate (μg DFE/d)

β (SE)

1.358 (0.553)

0.573 (0.357)

0.574 (0.512)

1.165 (0.530)

0.211 (0.264)

0.412 (0.339)

0.768 (0.333)

0.047 (0.271)

p-value

0.015

0.110

0.263

0.029

0.425

0.226

0.022

0.863

AD (n = 100)

 Vitamin B₂ (mg/d)

β (SE)

1.040 (0.426)

0.783 (0.347)

0.835 (0.411)

0.882 (0.418)

0.089 (0.154)

0.683 (0.360)

0.436 (0.172)

0.391 (0.289)

p-value

0.017

0.027

0.045

0.038

0.566

0.061

0.013

0.180

 Vitamin B₆ (mg/d)

β (SE)

1.476 (0.526)

1.213 (0.425)

1.393 (0.502)

1.521 (0.508)

0.251 (0.191)

1.113 (0.441)

0.652 (0.211)

0.734 (0.356)

p-value

0.006

0.005

0.007

0.004

0.191

0.014

0.003

0.042

 Vitamin B₁₂ (μg/d)

β (SE)

0.656 (0.247)

0.448 (0.200)

0.417 (0.244)

0.487 (0.245)

0.003 (0.092)

0.138 (0.215)

0.252 (0.099)

0.425 (0.167)

p-value

0.010

0.028

0.090

0.050

0.978

0.524

0.012

0.013

 Folate (μg DFE/d)

β (SE)

0.619 (0.765)

0.059 (0.622)

0.946 (0.725)

0.378 (0.745)

0.203 (0.269)

0.129 (0.639)

0.683 (0.303)

−0.226 (0.509)

p-value

0.420

0.925

0.196

0.614

0.452

0.840

0.027

0.657

MCI (n = 100)

 Vitamin B₂ (mg/d)

β (SE)

0.666 (0.400)

0.561 (0.275)

0.699 (0.373)

0.519 (0.428)

0.106 (0.213)

0.159 (0.257)

0.043 (0.258)

0.214 (0.220)

p-value

0.010

0.045

0.065

0.229

0.620

0.537

0.870

0.334

 Vitamin B₆ (mg/d)

β (SE)

0.761 (0.497)

1.008 (0.331)

0.569 (0.467)

0.332 (0.532)

−0.014 (0.264)

0.258 (0.318)

−0.067 (0.319)

0.080 (0.273)

p-value

0.129

0.003

0.227

0.534

0.959

0.420

0.835

0.769

 Vitamin B₁₂ (μg/d)

β (SE)

−0.187 (0.265)

−0.035 (0.191)

0.398 (0.252)

0.191 (0.272)

−0.080 (0.140)

0.106 (0.171)

−0.107 (0.173)

−0.119 (0.150)

p-value

0.482

0.855

0.117

0.485

0.569

0.535

0.538

0.430

 Folate (μg DFE/d)

β (SE)

2.155 (0.920)

0.951 (0.648)

1.330 (0.876)

2.231 (0.977)

0.577 (0.494)

0.936 (0.592)

0.780 (0.595)

−0.040 (0.515)

p-value

0.021

0.146

0.132

0.025

0.246

0.118

0.193

0.938

Normal (n = 121)

 Vitamin B₂ (mg/d)

β (SE)

0.358 (0.320)

−0.076 (0.250)

−0.436 (0.401)

−0.195 (0.385)

−0.147 (0.204)

−0.073 (0.197)

−0.158 (0.287)

0.225 (0.183)

p-value²⁾

0.266

0.761

0.279

0.613

0.472

0.710

0.584

0.220

 Vitamin B₆ (mg/d)

β (SE)

0.151 (0.373)

0.057 (0.290)

−0.230 (0.467)

−0.040 (0.446)

−0.121 (0.236)

−0.047 (0.228)

−0.366 (0.332)

0.180 (0.213)

p-value

0.686

0.843

0.623

0.929

0.609

0.836

0.272

0.400

 Vitamin B₁₂ (μg/d)

β (SE)

0.115 (0.224)

−0.093 (0.168)

−0.273 (0.270)

−0.020 (0.268)

−0.008 (0.141)

−0.154 (0.134)

−0.027 (0.199)

0.246 (0.125)

p-value

0.609

0.579

0.054

0.942

0.957

0.254

0.892

0.051

 Folate (μg DFE/d)

β (SE)

0.455 (0.585)

0.042 (0.561)

−1.425 (0.895)

0.348 (0.864)

−0.358 (0.457)

−0.313 (0.441)

0.057 (0.646)

0.470 (0.410)

p-value

0.438

0.941

0.114

0.688

0.435

0.479

0.930

0.255