Table 2 Associations between breastfeeding and psychiatric and behavioral outcomes
From: Protective effect of breastfeeding with regard to children’s behavioral and cognitive problems
Breastfeeding (N = 522) | Non-breastfeeding (N = 352) | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N, % | N, % | AORa(95 % CI) | p | AORb(95 % CI) | p | AORc(95 % CI) | p | |
ADHD | 19 (3.7) | 23 (6.6) | 2.01 (1.07-3.79) | 0.031 | 1.81 (0.95-3.43) | 0.072 | 1.78 (0.93-3.41) | 0.083 |
Internalizing problems | 17 (3.3) | 26 (7.5) | 2.45 (1.30-4.60) | 0.005 | 2.30 (1.22- 4.31) | 0.010 | 2.31 (1.22-4.37) | 0.010 |
Externalizing problems | 12 (2.3) | 17 (4.9) | 2.20 (1.03-4.70) | 0.042 | 1.82 (0.86-3.85) | 0.117 | 1.96 (0.87-4.41) | 0.105 |
Overall behavioral problems | 10 (1.9) | 20 (5.8) | 3.36 (1.53-7.34) | 0.002 | 3.02 (1.38-6.62) | 0.006 | 2.87 (1.28-6.42) | 0.010 |