Men | Women | Gender effect | Time effect | Gender x time interaction | Gender effect adjusted for baseline value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Mean | SD | % Change vs. Baseline | Mean | SD | % Change vs. Baseline | ||||
P | P | P | P | |||||||
Energy intake (kcal) | 0.38 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 0.02 | ||||||
Baseline | 3065 | 896 | - | 2457 | 571 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 2768 | 713 | −9.7* | 2335 | 527 | −5.0 | ||||
T = 6 months | 2757 | 752 | −10.0* | 2284 | 497 | −7.0¶ | ||||
T = 9 months | 2759 | 636 | −10.0* | 2329 | 470 | −5.2 | ||||
Energy density (kcal/g)£ | 0.02 | 0.43 | 0.11 | 0.71 | ||||||
Baseline | 1.32 | 0.24 | - | 1.21 | 0.17 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 1.21 | 0.23 | −8.3* | 1.19 | 0.17 | −1.7 | ||||
T = 6 months | 1.25 | 0.21 | −5.3* | 1.16 | 0.17 | −4.1¶ | ||||
T = 9 months | 1.26 | 0.21 | −4.5* | 1.20 | 0.17 | −0.8 | ||||
% Carbohydrates | 0.03 | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.44 | ||||||
Baseline | 42.2 | 5.3 | - | 44.5 | 5.8 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 44.1 | 5.8 | 4.5* | 44.8 | 5.5 | 0.7 | ||||
T = 6 months | 43.9 | 6.3 | 4.0* | 44.9 | 5.4 | 0.9 | ||||
T = 9 months | 44.4 | 6.0 | 5.2* | 44.9 | 5.6 | 0.9 | ||||
Total dietary fibers (g) | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.90 | 0.0005 | ||||||
Baseline | 27.2 | 9.4 | - | 25.6 | 6.3 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 32.8 | 10.8 | 20.6* | 28.1 | 7.5 | 9.8* | ||||
T = 6 months | 30.1 | 10.7 | 10.7* | 25.1 | 6.0 | −2.0 | ||||
T = 9 months | 30.6 | 11.9 | 12.5* | 25.2 | 6.2 | −1.6 | ||||
% Proteins | 0.99 | 0.04 | 0.67 | 0.40 | ||||||
Baseline | 18.3 | 2.5 | - | 17.8 | 2.8 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 18.4 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 17.9 | 2.9 | 0.6 | ||||
T = 6 months | 18.0 | 3.0 | −1.6 | 17.6 | 2.3 | −1.1 | ||||
T = 9 months | 17.9 | 2.6 | −2.2 | 17.1 | 2.6 | −3.9¶ | ||||
% Lipids | 0.01 | 0.76 | 0.66 | 0.25 | ||||||
Baseline | 36.8 | 4.8 | - | 35.1 | 4.5 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 34.6 | 5.3 | −6.0* | 34.6 | 5.2 | −1.4 | ||||
T = 6 months | 34.8 | 5.2 | −5.4* | 34.3 | 4.8 | −2.3 | ||||
T = 9 months | 35.1 | 4.9 | −4.6* | 35.1 | 4.8 | 0.0 | ||||
% MUFA | 0.07 | 0.76 | 0.21 | 0.58 | ||||||
Baseline | 15.5 | 2.8 | - | 14.6 | 2.7 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 15.1 | 2.9 | −2.6 | 15.1 | 3.4 | 3.4 | ||||
T = 6 months | 15.2 | 2.9 | −1.9 | 14.5 | 2.4 | −0.7 | ||||
T = 9 months | 14.9 | 2.7 | −3.9* | 15.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 | ||||
% PUFA | 0.93 | 0.004 | 0.94 | 0.10 | ||||||
Baseline | 6.2 | 1.5 | - | 5.9 | 1.4 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 6.8 | 1.6 | 9.7* | 6.3 | 1.4 | 6.8* | ||||
T = 6 months | 6.4 | 1.5 | 3.2 | 5.8 | 1.1 | −1.7 | ||||
T = 9 months | 6.5 | 1.5 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 1.2 | 0.0 | ||||
% SFA | 0.002 | 0.0002 | 0.67 | 0.004 | ||||||
Baseline | 12.2 | 2.7 | - | 11.8 | 1.7 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 10.1 | 2.4 | −17.2* | 10.5 | 2.0 | −11.0* | ||||
T = 6 months | 10.6 | 2.4 | −13.1* | 11.4 | 2.5 | −3.4 | ||||
T = 9 months | 11.0 | 2.4 | −9.8* | 11.5 | 2.1 | −2.5 | ||||
% Trans | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.33 | 0.73 | ||||||
Baseline | 1.4 | 0.4 | - | 1.3 | 0.3 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 1.1 | 0.4 | −21.4* | 1.1 | 0.4 | −15.4* | ||||
T = 6 months | 1.2 | 0.5 | −14.3* | 1.1 | 0.3 | −15.4 | ||||
T = 9 months | 1.3 | 0.3 | −7.1* | 1.1 | 0.3 | −15.4 | ||||
% Alcohol | 0.63 | 0.14 | 0.76 | 0.62 | ||||||
Baseline | 2.7 | 2.4 | - | 2.7 | 2.3 | - | ||||
T = 3 months | 2.9 | 2.6 | 7.4 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 0.0 | ||||
T = 6 months | 3.3 | 3.1 | 22.2* | 3.1 | 2.4 | 14.8 | ||||
T = 9 months | 2.6 | 2.4 | −3.7 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 7.4 |