A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of incorporating peanuts into an American Diabetes Association meal plan on the nutrient profile of the total diet and cardiometabolic parameters of adults with type 2 diabetes

Table 3 Anthropometric and metabolic parameters for the peanut and control groups at week 24 ^a

			Absolute change & (%) from baseline
	Peanut	Control	Peanut	Control	Pvalue^cwithin group	Pvalue^dbetween group
Parameter	LSM^b[95%CI]	LSM [95%CI]
Weight^e (kg)	85.2 [77.6, 92.8]	89.7 [81.9, 97.4]	−0.83 (−0.96)	−0.76 (−0.84)	0.03	0.42
BMI^f (kg/m²)	30.8 [28.4, 33.2]	33.1 [30.7, 35.6]	−0.26 (−0.84)	−0.25 (−0.75)	0.02	0.19
Waist circumference^g (cm)	102.6 [95.9, 109.4]	109.8 [103.0, 116.5]	−1.64 (−1.57)	−1.13 (−1.02)	0.01	0.14
Total cholesterol (TC)^h (mmol/l)	4.27 [3.94, 4.61]	4.22 [3.88, 4.53]	−1 (−0.57)	−5 (−2.73)	0.52	0.79
LDL cholesterol^h (mmol/l)	2.20 [1.94, 2.49]	2.15 [1.86, 2.43]	−3 (−3.30)	−2 (−2.97)	0.72	0.76
HDL cholesterol^h,i (mmol/l)	1.30 [1.16, 1.45]	1.22 [1.09, 1.35]	+2 (+5.13)	+1 (+3.05)	0.06	0.45
Triglycerides^h,i (mmol/l)	1.36 [1.12, 1.64]	1.54 [1.27, 1.85]	−6 (−4.88)	16 (−10.42)	0.06	0.39
TC:HDL-C^g	3.38 [2.97, 3.78]	3.56 [3.15, 3.96]	−0.17 (−4.79)	−0.18 (−4.81)	0.08	0.53
LDL-C:HDL-C^g	1.77 [1.47, 2.07]	1.83 [1.53, 2.14]	−0.15 (−7.63)	−0.09 (−4.63)	0.07	0.77
HbA1c^g (%)	6.71 [6.43, 6.99]	6.53 [6.25, 6.81]	+0.12 (+1.82)	−0.10 (−1.51)	0.79	0.38
Glucose^j (mmol/l)	6.49 [5.83, 7.01]	6.16 [5.49, 6.77]	+4 (+3.43)	−7 (−6.78)	0.33	0.48

BMI, body mass index; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein.
^aAll outcome variables in this intent-to-treat analysis were adjusted for their baseline values in the models, and all baseline values were estimated from the model.
^bLeast squares mean, LSM.
^cWithin group differences from baseline to week 24.
^dBetween group differences at week 24.
^e p values for treatment differences for percent change are based on mixed models with a heterogeneous autoregressive covariance structure with all time points included in the model.
^f p values for treatment differences for percent change are based on mixed models with an autoregressive covariance structure with all time points included in the model.
^g p values for treatment differences for percent change are based on mixed models with an unstructured covariance with all time points included in the model.
^h p values for treatment differences for percent change are based on mixed models with a compound symmetric covariance structure with all time points included in the model.
ⁱLSMs are based on log transformation values for the modeling analysis.

ISSN: 1475-2891