Factors relating to eating style, social desirability, body image and eating meals at home increase the precision of calibration equations correcting self-report measures of diet using recovery biomarkers: findings from the Women’s Health Initiative

Table 1 Characteristics of NPAAS participants in primary sample based on NPAAS primary visit

Characteristic	N = 450	%
	(Median, inter-quartile range if applicable)
Age (years)
59-69	213	47.3
69-79	190	42.2
79-91	47	10.4
Body Mass Index
<25	156	34.7
25- < 30	121	26.9
> = 30	173	38.4
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White	228	64.0
African-American	84	18.6
Hispanic	64	14.2
Asian/Pacific Islander	8	1.8
Other	6	1.3
Annual income (dollars $)
<20,000	43	9.9
20,000-34,999	92	21.2
35,000-49,999	84	19.4
50,000-74,999	98	22.6
> = 75,000	117	27.0
Education
College degree or higher	226	50.6
Some college	157	35.1
High school diploma/GED	48	10.7
Less than high school	16	3.6
Current Smoking	11	2.5
Recreational episodes per week:
<2	70	15.8
2-4	36	8.1
>4	337	76.1
% Meals Eaten at Home:
Based on the Four Day Food Record (4DFR)	85.7 (76.5-94.1)
Based on the 24 Hr Dietary Recall (24HR)	81.8 (68.8-92.3)
Body Image:
Discordance (perceived minus ideal)	1.0 (1.0-2.0)
Three Factor Eating Scale (TFEQ-R18) ¹:
Cognitive Restraint of Eating	15.0 (14.0-16.0)
Uncontrolled Eating	26.0 (23.0-28.0)
Emotional Eating	9.9 (6.0-11.0)
Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability ²	21.0 (17.0-25.0)

¹possible values from 6–24 for Restraint, 9–36 for Uncontrolled Eating, and 3–12 for Emotional Eating.
²possible values from 0 to 33.

ISSN: 1475-2891