Table 2 Baseline characteristics of study subjects prior to start of study ¹

General characteristics

  Age (y)

53 ± 12.26 (range 22–72)

  Gender (M/F)

5/18

  Height (m)

1.65 ± 0.08

  Body weight (kg)

85.61 ± 10.30

  Body mass index (kg/m2)

31.86 ± 3.01

  Waist circumference (cm)

99.76 ± 9.83

  Waist:hip

0.84 ± 0.07

  Systolic blood pressure

125.34 ± 17.90

  Diastolic blood pressure

77.82 ± 14.12

DEXA

  Total body fat (%)

47.46 ± 4.51

  Abdominal fat (%)

47.36 ± 8.03

  Lean body mass (%)

50.95 ± 4.64

Plasma biochemistry

  Glucose (mmol/L)

5.17 ± 0.68

  Insulin (μU/mL)

15.37 ± 2.80

  Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.73 ± 0.62

  LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.49 ± 0.57

  HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.42 ± 0.37

  Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.79 ± 0.54

  ApoB (mg/dL)

85.56 ± 31.88

  ApoE (mg/dL)

5.00 ± 1.66

  Lp(a) (mg/dL)

52.20 ± 60.58

  ApocII (mg/dL)

5.82 ± 2.57

Energy expenditure

  Metabolic rate (kJ/min)

2.80 ± 0.50

  Carbohydrate oxidation (g/min)

0.02 ± 0.04

  Fat oxidation (g/min)

0.1 ± 0.02