Table 1 Mean daily intake of energy and selected nutrients of Baltimore infants and toddlers
From: Assessing dietary intake among infants and toddlers 0–24 months of age in Baltimore, Maryland, USA
All ages (n = 73) | 0 - 6 months (n = 21) | 7 - 12 months (n =20) | 13 - 24 months (n = 32) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | RDA/AI1 | Mean (SD) | RDA/AI1 | Mean (SD) | RDA/AI1 | |
Age (months) | 11.7 (6.6) | 4.2 (1.1) | - | 9.3 (1.7) | - | 18.1 (3.5) | - |
Energy (kcal) | 957.3 (327.4) | 676.5 (225.7) | - | 987.6 (280.1) | - | 1122.7 (285.8) | - |
Protein (g) | 28 (16.6) | 14.5 (5.7) | 9.12 | 25.4 (12.5) | 114 | 38.6 (16.5) | 134 |
Carbohydrate (g) | 128.2 (51.3) | 75.1 (32.5) | 602 | 139.7 (36.3) | 952 | 155.8 (41.9) | 1304 |
Fat (g) | 38.1 (14.0) | 35 (9.0) | 312 | 38.6 (12.3) | 302 | 39.9 (17.1) | - |
% energy from protein | 10.9 (3.6) | 8.5 (1.8) | - | 9.7 (2.8) | - | 13.3 (3.6) | 5-203 |
% energy from carbohydrates | 52.5 (9.7) | 43.9 (3.9) | - | 56 (5.3) | - | 56 (11.0) | 45-653 |
% energy from fat | 36.6 (9.8) | 47.6 (4.8) | - | 34.3 (4.0) | - | 30.8 (8.8) | 30-403 |
Sugars (g) | 76.4 (30.9) | 59.8 (29.2) | - | 81.5 (26.7) | - | 84.1 (30.2) | < 25%3 |
Dietary fiber (g) | 4.8 (4.2) | 1 (1.8) | - | 4.7 (3.3) | - | 7.4 (3.8) | 192 |
Saturated fat (g) | 14.2 (6.4) | 13.1 (4.4) | - | 14 (5.0) | - | 15.1 (8.0) | low as possible3 |
Monounsaturated fat (g) | 11.3 (5.7) | 12 (4.4) | - | 11.8 (4.4) | - | 10.4 (6.9) | - |
Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 5.7 (3.2) | 6.5 (3.0) | - | 7.4 (2.6) | - | 4.3 (3.0) | - |
Omega-3 fatty acid (g) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.52 | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.52 | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.72 |
Omega-6 fatty acid (g) | 4.5 (2.9) | 5.7 (2.7) | 4.42 | 6.3 (2.5) | 4.62 | 2.6 (1.8) | 72 |
Vitamin A (μg-RAE) | 419.3 (246.5) | 540 (212.7) | 4002 | 509.3 (203.5) | 5002 | 284 (223.0) | 3004 |
Thiamin (mg) | 0.8 (0.6) | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.22 | 1.2 (0.7) | 0.32 | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.54 |
Riboflavin (mg) | 1.2 (0.8) | 0.9 (0.6) | 0.32 | 1.5 (0.7) | 0.42 | 1.2 (0.9) | 0.54 |
Niacin (mg) | 10.1 (7.2) | 8.8 (6.1) | 22 | 14.7 (8.6) | 42 | 8 (5.4) | 65 |
Vitamin B-6 (mg) | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.12 | 0.7 (0.4) | 0.32 | 0.8 (0.6) | 0.54 |
Total folate (μg-DFE) | 170.8 (145.3) | 132.0 (76.4) | 652 | 170.4 (74.3) | 802 | 196.6 (201.8) | 1504 |
Vitamin B-12 (μg) | 2 (1.6) | 1.6 (0.8) | 0.42 | 1.8 (1.0) | 0.52 | 2.5 (2.2) | 0.94 |
Vitamin C (mg) | 124.5 (95.8) | 75 (53.3) | 402 | 157.5 (111.4) | 502 | 136.4 (94.3) | 154 |
Vitamin D(μg)5 | 5.1 (4.0) | 6.3 (5.0) | 102 | 5.9 (3.5) | 102 | 3.8 (3.1) | 154 |
Vitamin E (mg)6 | 6 (5.8) | 8.6 (6.3) | 42 | 9.7 (4.7) | 52 | 2.1 (2.9) | 64 |
Calcium (mg) | 622.9 (339.2) | 556.8 (257.7) | 2002 | 711.5 (325.9) | 2602 | 610.9 (381.6) | 7004 |
Magnesium (mg) | 87.6 (51.7) | 59.6 (32.1) | 302 | 108.9 (50.3) | 752 | 92.7 (55.0) | 804 |
Potassium (mg) | 1,045.8 (549.2) | 730.3 (340.2) | 4002 | 1,092.6 (358.6) | 7002 | 1,223.6 (661.6) | 30002 |
Sodium (mg) | 988.5 (868.4) | 199.7 (60.6) | 1202 | 794.8 (659.8) | 3702 | 1,627.2 (775.4) | 10002 |
Iron (mg) | 12.9 (10.6) | 12.2 (9.3) | 0.272 | 21.1 (12.6) | 114 | 8.2 (5.7) | 74 |
Zinc (mg) | 4.8 (3.1) | 4.7 (2.3) | 22 | 5.4 (2.3) | 34 | 4.5 (3.9) | 34 |