Table 1 Main characteristics of randomized controlled trials included in the meta-analysis
Study | No. of patients (Antioxidant/Control) | Patient characteristics | Antioxidant supplement | Intervention | Study design | Jadad score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Antioxidant | Control | Â | Â |
Wollschläger et al. [21] | 40 (20/20) | Adult patients undergoing ERCP | Selenite | Selenite, intravenously, 1 mg bolus/2 x 1 mg infusion, l d before ERCP | Control, no prophylaxis | Randomized, controlled | 2 |
Budzyńska et al. [22] | 200 (99/101) | Adult consecutive patients undergoing elective ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 200 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 200 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Randomized, placebo-controlled | 3 |
Lavy et al. [23] | 321 (141/180) | Adult consecutive patients undergoing ERCP | β-carotene | β-carotene, orally, 2 g, 12 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 2 g, 12 h before ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 5 |
Katsinelos et al. [24] | 249 (124/125) | Adult consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP | NAC | NAC, intravenously, 70 mg/kg 2 h before, and 35 mg/kg at 4 h intervals for 24 h after ERCP | Placebo (0.9% saline solution), intravenously, 70 mg/kg 2 h before, and 35 mg/kg at 4 h intervals for 24 h after ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 5 |
Katsinelos et al. [25] | 243 (125/118) | Adult consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 600 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 600 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 5 |
Mosler et al. [26] | 701 (355/346) | Adult patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 4 h (600 mg) and 1 h (300 mg) before ERCP | Placebo (similar pill without the active drug), orally, 4 h (600 mg) and 1 h (300 mg) before ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 5 |
Milewski et al. [27] | 106 (55/51) | Adult consecutive patients undergoing ERCP | NAC | NAC, two 600 mg given orally 24 h and 12 h before ERCP and 600 mg given intravenously for 2 d after ERCP | Placebo (isotonic saline), intravenously, twice a day for 2 d after ERCP | Randomized, placebo-controlled | 2 |
Kapetanos et al. [28] | 320 (158/162) | Adult patients undergoing ERCP | Pentoxifylline | Pentoxifylline, orally, 400 mg, beginning the day before ERCP (2 and 10 PM) until the night after ERCP (6 AM and 2 and 10PM) | No intervention | Randomized, controlled | 3 |
Romagnuolo et al. [29] | 586 (293/293) | Adult patients undergoing ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 300 mg, 1 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 300 mg, 1 h before ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 5 |
Martinez et al. [30] | 170 (85/85) | Adult patients undergoing ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Randomized, placebo-controlled | 3 |
Abbasinazari et al. [31] | 74 (29/45) | Adult patients undergoing ERCP | Allopurinol | Allopurinol, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Placebo, orally, 300 mg, 15 h and 3 h before ERCP | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled | 3 |