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Table 4 The effects of palmvitee supplementation on lymphocyte proliferative presented as stimulation index (S.I.) after induction with mitogen, PHA and Con A in nonsmokers and smokers according to the number of cigarettes per day

From: Perturbation of cellular immune functions in cigarette smokers and protection by palm oil vitamin E supplementation

Weeks

S1

S2

S3

 

Placebo, n = 4

Palmvitee, n = 3

Placebo, n = 17

Palmvitee,n = 19

Placebo, n = 7

Palmvitee,n = 8

 

Con A (SI)

0

37.75 ± 15.73

24.50 ± 21.92

80.00 ± 48.12

55.26 ± 30.92

61.00 ± 15.41

53.75 ± 39.75

12

39.25 ± 15.09

55.00 ± 35.59

53.50 ± 35.02

59.32 ± 40.01

39.29 ± 20.77

61.63 ± 28.52*

24

36.00 ± 32.65

22.00 ± 24.56

46.24 ± 28.03

49.26 ± 35.55

36.00 ± 20.94

35.75 ± 26.99

 

PHA (SI)

0

58.00 ± 39.30

26.50 ± 6.36

73.17 ± 40.22

70.21 ± 44.99

67.29 ± 29.84

44.60 ± 28.53

12

60.50 ± 24.96

51.67 ± 30.62

69.44 ± 40.09

76.58 ± 35.20

60.29 ± 28.19

81.00 ± 38.53

24

59.25 ± 24.07

72.67 ± 69.82

74.71 ± 44.45

78.47 ± 68.50

62.29 ± 27.49

75.50 ± 32.96

  1. Results are shown as means ± SD. *indicates significant difference as compared to nonsmokers.