Tocotrienols for normalisation of hepatic echogenic response in nonalcoholic fatty liver: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial

Table 2 Details of all subjects enrolled

Variable	Tocotrienols (n = 43)	Placebo (n = 44)	Pvalue
Gender (female)	23 (53.5%)	30 (68.2%)	0.160
Age in years (range)	52 ± 9 (36-74)	49 ± 7 (38-68)	0.177
BMI (kg/m²)	27.2 ± 4.6	27.1 ± 4.6	0.873
Normoweight (BMI < 25)	16 (37.2%)	14 (31.8%)
Overweight (25 < BMI < 30)	16 (37.2%)	21 (47.7%)
Obese (30 < BMI < 40)	11 (25.6%)	8 (18.2%)
Morbidly Obese (40 < BMI < 50)	0 (0.0%)	1 (2.3%)
TC (mmol/L)	5.9 ± 0.6	5.6 ± 0.6	0.075
HDL (mmol/L)	1.44 ± 0.35	1.37 ± 0.30	0.611
LDL (mmol/L)	3.7 ± 0.6	3.6 ± 0.6	0.168
TG (mmol/L)	1.5 ± 0.7	1.6 ± 0.8	0.889
ALP (IU/L)	76 ± 21	72 ± 18	0.826
AST (IU/L)	36 ± 14	38 ± 13	0.381
ALT (IU/L)	35 ± 16	39 ± 22	0.611
GGT (IU/L)	33 ± 19	32 ± 19	0.712
hs-Crp (mg/L)	4.3 ± 7.1	4.0 ± 5.4	0.865
Apo B (g/L)	1.25 ± 0.20	1.25 ± 0.21	0.952
Lp(A) (mg/dL)	17 ± 14	16 ± 16	0.449
Serum creatinine (μmol/L)	86 ± 13	78 ± 11	0.008
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	5.4 ± 0.8	6.1 ± 2.3	0.557
IFG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L	2 (4.7%)	7 (15.9%)
Systolic (mmHg)	134 ± 18	131 ± 15	0.524
Diastolic (mmHg)	80 ± 9	80 ± 9	0.976
Tobacco, current users	5 (11.6%)	5 (11.4%)
Mild NAFLD (score 3)	34 (79.1%)	35 (79.5%)
Moderate NAFLD (score 4)	7 (16.3%)	8 (18.2%)
Severe NAFLD (score 5-6)	2 (4.7%)	1 (2.3%)

Baseline biochemical, anthropometric and clinical parameters of all patients enrolled in the study (n = 87). Data are expressed as mean value ± SD; P < 0.05 is considered significant.
Table 2 Abbreviations: BMI Body Mass Index, TC Total Cholesterol, HDL High Density Lipoprotein, LDL Low Density Lipoprotein, TG Triglycerides, ALP Alkaline Phosphatase, AST aspartate transaminase, ALT alanine transaminase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ApoB apolipoprotein B, LP(A) lipoprotein A, IFG Impaired Fasting Glucose, NAFLD Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
[Wilcoxon rank test; Numbers’ 09, GraphPad].
Conversion factor mmol/L to mg/dL for optimal normal values:
TC 5.2 mmol/L = 200 mg/dL;
HDL 1.55 mmol/L = 60 mg/dL;
LDL 2.6 mmol/L = 100 mg/dL;
TG 1.7 mmol/L = 151 mg/dL.

ISSN: 1475-2891