Table 3 Hours of sleep, perceived general health, family history of cancer, cancer screening participation, and bowel movement of members of the NLCS-Meat Investigation Cohort by meat consumption status
Men | Women | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All confirmed vegetarians, pescetarians and low meat consumers from the total cohort | Random sample of meat consumers from the total cohort | Self-reported vegetarians | All confirmed vegetarians, pescetarians and low meat consumers from the total cohort | Random sample of meat consumers from the total cohort | Self-reported vegetarians | |||||||||
Vegetarian | Pescetarian | 1 day/wk | 2–5 day/wk | 6–7 day/wk | Vegetarian | Pescetarian | 1 day/wk | 2–5 day/wk | 6–7 day/wk | |||||
n = 217 | n = 152 | n = 482 | n = 1326 | n = 2973 | P b | n = 416 | n = 485 | n = 242 | n = 914 | n = 1639 | n = 2676 | P b | n = 734 | |
Hours of sleep per day (h) | 7.8 ± 1.1c | 7.7 ± 0.9 | 7.8 ± 1.1 | 7.8 ± 1.1 | 7.8 ± 1.1 | 0.34 | 7.8 ± 1.1 | 7.6 ± 1.1 | 7.6 ± 1.1 | 7.5 ± 1.3 | 7.6 ± 1.2 | 7.6 ± 1.1 | 0.28 | 7.6 ± 1.1 |
Perceived general health (%) | ||||||||||||||
Excellent | 25% | 22% | 19% | 18% | 18% | 0.12 | 24% | 20% | 20% | 14% | 13% | 13% | <0.001 | 20% |
Reasonable/good | 69% | 72% | 71% | 75% | 74% | 72% | 70% | 67% | 72% | 77% | 79% | 70% | ||
Poor/bad | 6% | 7% | 10% | 7% | 8% | 4% | 10% | 13% | 14% | 9% | 7% | 11% | ||
Family history of cancer at baseline (first degree) (% yes) | 40% | 47% | 45% | 43% | 46% | 0.57 | 42% | 47% | 43% | 50% | 46% | 48% | 0.20 | 48% |
Cancer screening (women only) | ||||||||||||||
Cervical Smear (% yes) | 73% | 73% | 74% | 76% | 73% | 0.50 | 74% | |||||||
Breast cancer screening (% yes) | 23% | 25% | 29% | 32% | 28% | 0.031 | 26% | |||||||
Bowel movement (men only) | ||||||||||||||
>2 times per day | 7% | 5% | 5% | 3% | 3% | <0.001 | 6% | |||||||
1–2 times per day | 43% | 46% | 35% | 34% | 35% | 44% | ||||||||
Once a day | 48% | 45% | 54% | 57% | 56% | 47% | ||||||||
Every two days or less | 2% | 3% | 6% | 7% | 6% | 3% | ||||||||
Constipation frequency (men only) | ||||||||||||||
Never | 55% | 62% | 46% | 53% | 56% | 0.008 | 53% | |||||||
Seldom | 36% | 27% | 40% | 34% | 33% | 36% | ||||||||
Sometimes or more often | 9% | 11% | 13% | 13% | 11% | 12% | ||||||||