Table 1 Characteristics of study population in the lowest to highest quartiles of different dietary protein intake
| Â | Total protein intake (% of total energy intake) | Animal protein intake (% of total energy intake) | Plant protein intake (% of total energy intake) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Q1 (<10.1%) | Q2 (10.1-12.8%) | Q3 (12.9-15.9%) | Q4 (>15.9%) | P a | Q1 (<3.7%) | Q2 (3.7-5.6%) | Q3 (5.7-8.4%) | Q4 (>8.4%) | P a | Q1 (<4.9%) | Q2 (4.9-6.6%) | Q3 (6.7-8.4%) | Q4 (>8.4%) | P a |
n | 254 | 254 | 254 | 253 | Â | 254 | 254 | 254 | 253 | Â | 254 | 254 | 254 | 253 | Â |
Age, y | 61 ± 11 | 62 ± 12 | 62 ± 11 | 61 ± 12 | 0.48 | 61 ± 11 | 62 ± 11 | 62 ± 11 | 61 ± 12 | 0.47 | 60 ± 12 | 61 ± 11 | 62 ± 11 | 63 ± 11 | 0.01 |
Male, n (%) | 138(54) | 162(63) | 164(64) | 188(74) | <0.001 | 139(54) | 175(68) | 162(63) | 176(69) | 0.002 | 195(76) | 169(66) | 146(57) | 142(56) | <0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.7 ± 3.9 | 24.6 ± 3.9 | 24.2 ± 3.8 | 24.3 ± 3.7 | 0.39 | 24.6 ± 3.5 | 24.5 ± 4.0 | 24.5 ± 4.2 | 24.2 ± 3.7 | 0.73 | 24.9 ± 3.9 | 24.2 ± 4.0 | 24.5 ± 4.0 | 24.3 ± 3.4 | 0.15 |
WHR | 0.97 ± 0.06 | 0.93 ± 0.08 | 1.01 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.07 | 0.27 | 1.01 ± 0.08 | 0.97 ± 0.06 | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 0.91 ± 0.07 | 0.23 | 0.94 ± 0.07 | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 0.96 ± 0.09 | 0.93 ± 0.07 | 0.28 |
Total energy intake, MJ/d | 8.1 ± 3.4 | 8.2 ± 4.2 | 9.2 ± 5.3 | 11.2 ± 5.8 | <0.001 | 9.3 ± 4.5 | 9.4 ± 4.8 | 8.7 ± 4.1 | 9.0 ± 5.2 | 0.21 | 12.0 ± 5.7 | 9.2 ± 4.4 | 7.9 ± 3.3 | 7.5 ± 3.6 | 0.001 |
Total fat intake,% of total energy intake | 23.5 ± 11.7 | 30.0 ± 9.7 | 29.8 ± 8.8 | 31.1 ± 8.6 | <0.001 | 24.4 ± 11.1 | 28.2 ± 9.2 | 30.2 ± 9.4 | 31.6 ± 9.5 | <0.001 | 26.6 ± 13.5 | 29.2 ± 9.5 | 28.9 ± 8.3 | 29.8 ± 8.2 | 0.30 |
Smoker, n (%) | 151(59) | 117(46) | 98(38) | 87(34) | <0.001 | 137(53) | 106(41) | 116(45) | 94(37) | 0.001 | 158(62) | 115(45) | 92(36) | 88(34) | 0.001 |
Alcohol user, n (%) | 191(75) | 137(54) | 109(42) | 98(38) | <0.001 | 74(29) | 54(21) | 53(20) | 39(15) | 0.003 | 87(34) | 57(22) | 41(16) | 35(13) | <0.001 |
Tea user, n (%) | 112(21) | 129(24) | 136(25) | 158(30) | <0.001 | 117(22) | 112(44) | 155(61) | 151(59) | 0.005 | 197(77) | 147(57) | 108(42) | 83(32) | 0.001 |
Family history of CAD, n (%) | 12(4.7) | 19(7.5) | 8(3.1) | 17(6.7) | 0.12 | 9(3.5) | 17(6.7) | 16(6.3) | 14(5.5) | 0.41 | 14(5.5) | 11(4.3) | 17(6.7) | 14(5.5) | 0.71 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 167(64) | 170(67) | 154(60) | 147(57) | 0.12 | 165(65) | 166(65) | 162(63) | 142(56) | 0.10 | 155(61) | 158(62) | 162(63) | 160(63) | 0.92 |
Hyperlipidmia, n (%) | 27(10) | 42(16) | 39(15) | 34(13) | 0.24 | 33(13) | 35(13) | 36(14) | 38(15) | 0.93 | 31(12) | 36(14) | 35(13) | 40(15) | 0.70 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 61(24) | 61(24) | 56(22) | 62(24) | 0.90 | 67(26) | 60(23) | 59(23) | 54(21) | 0.61 | 60(23) | 49(19) | 64(25) | 67(26) | 0.24 |