Parameter
|
Vitamin D bread consumption (-12 mo)
|
Baseline of follow-up study (0 month)
|
12 month follow-up
|
36-month follow-up
|
P-value1
|
P-value2
|
P-value3
|
---|
Serum calcium (Normal: 2.15-2.55 mmol/L)
|
2.30 ± 0.14
|
2.31 ± 0.13
|
2.26 ± 0.13
|
2.29 ± 0.15
|
0.18
|
0.49
|
0.07
|
Serum 25(OH)D (Sufficiency: 50-125 nmol/l)
|
29.8 ± 9.3
|
127.3 ± 37.8
|
64.9 ± 24.8
|
28.0 ± 15.0
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
Serum PTH (Normal: 16-62 pg/ml)
|
60.2 ± 42.6
|
18.8 ± 15.6
|
46.7 ± 21.2
|
48.4 ± 18.4
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2)
|
0.825 ± 0.113
|
0.858 ± 0.134
|
0.855 ± 0.146
|
0.867 ± 0.142
|
0.81
|
0.32
|
0.65
|
Total hip BMD (g/cm2)
|
0.736 ± 0.128
|
0.927 ± 0.130
|
0.913 ± 0.130
|
0.907 ± 0.121
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.14
|
- N = 23, Data expressed in mean ± SD.
-
1Student’s t test for paired data (baseline vs. 12 month follow-up).
-
2Student’s t test for paired data (baseline vs. 36 month follow-up).
-
3Repeated-measures ANOVA. The interaction effect between sex and age was not statistically significant for any variable. There was a statistically significant main effect for age on 25(OH)D (F = 4.69, p = 0.007, partial eta squared = 0.92) and for gender on total hip BMD (F = 7.08, p = 0.05, partial eta squared = 0.59).