Effects of short-term fructooligosaccharide intake on equol production in Japanese postmenopausal women consuming soy isoflavone supplements: a pilot study

Table 2 Changes in urinary equol to daidzein concentration ratios in postmenopausal women ¹

	Equol producer		Equol non-producer		P-value
	(n = 21)		(n = 13)		3-way ANOVA³
					Main effects			Interactions
	FOS²	Control	FOS	Control	FOS	Time	Equol state	FOS × time	FOS × equol state	Time × equol state	FOS × time × equol state
Baseline	−1.03 ± 0.46	−1.09 ± 0.733	−1.94 ± 0.30	−1.94 ± 0.44
After 1 week	−0.77 ± 0.69	−0.74 ± 0.73	−2.04 ± 0.19	−2.07 ± 0.33	0.802	0.185	0.000	0.702	0.964	0.006	0.960
After 2 weeks	−0.92 ± 0.77	−0.82 ± 0.86	−1.83 ± 0.48	−1.62 ± 0.83	0.759	0.097	0.000	0.400	0.864	0.516	0.801
P-value⁴ (between baseline and after 1 week)
	0.343	0.120	0.794	0.890
P-value⁴ (between baseline and after 2 weeks)
	0.578	0.432	0.564	0.383
P-value⁴ (between 1 and 2 weeks)
	0.690	0.921	0.166	0.091

¹Urinary equol to daidzein concentration ratios; (equol/daidzein) log. All values are expressed as mean ± SD.
²FOS, fructooligosaccharides.
³Three-way ANOVA (factors of FOS intervention, time, and equol status) was performed to determine the effect of dietary intervention on the urinary equol to daidzein concentration ratios.
⁴The changes in the urinary equol to daidzein concentration ratios in each group were evaluated by repeated-measures ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test.

ISSN: 1475-2891