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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the 33 hypercholesterolemic subjects participating in both 8 wk intervention periods

From: Lupin protein positively affects plasma LDL cholesterol and LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio in hypercholesterolemic adults after four weeks of supplementation: a randomized, controlled crossover study

Randomization groups

Group AB

Group BA

P a

  n

16

17

  Age (y)

49.7 ± 12.8

49.4 ± 13.9

0.91

  Females (n)

6

12

  Current smoking (%)

33.0

16.7

  Physical activity ≥ 2 h/wk (%)

66.7

66.7

Anthropometric data

   

  Body height (m)

1.7 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.1

0.44

  Body weight (kg)

84.2 ± 25.3

76.4 ± 14.4

0.30

  BMI (kg/m2)

28.8 ± 6.5

27.3 ± 5.4

0.48

  Body fat (kg)

24.3 ± 12.1

24.9 ± 9.0

0.86

Blood pressure

   

  Systolic BP (mm Hg)

143.9 ± 15.8

142.4 ± 17.3

0.81

  Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

87.9 ± 12.0

85.7 ± 9.6

0.56

  Pulse at rest (min-1)

69.6 ± 15.3

71.0 ± 13.6

0.78

Plasma parameters

   

  Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

6.14 ± 1.00

6.88 ± 1.16

0.06

  LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.02 ± 1.09

4.69 ± 1.13

0.10

  HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.33 ± 0.37

1.58 ± 0.49

0.11

  Triacylglyceroles (mmol/L)

2.03 ± 1.50

1.55 ± 0.79

0.28

  LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio

3.33 ± 1.43

3.30 ± 1.40

0.95

  Urea (mmol/L)

5.45 ± 1.37

4.58 ± 1.13

0.05

  hs-CRPb (mg/L)

1.83 ± 2.30

2.02 ± 2.07

0.84

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, number or percentage.
  2. Abbreviation: Group AB subjects receiving LPI in the first intervention period; Group BA subjects receiving LPI in the second intervention period; LPI lupin protein isolate, BP blood pressure, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
  3. a P-value is for differences between randomization groups using independent samples t-test.
  4. bhs-CRP values of some participants had to be excluded due to a temporary inflammatory status at time of measurement; group AB; n = 10; group BA, n = 13.