| Total (n = 443) | Normal CRP (CRP <1 mg/L) (n = 418) | Elevated CRP (CRP ≥1 mg/L) (n = 25) | P†|
---|---|---|---|---|
Serum CRP concentration (mg/L) | 0.11 (0.06-0.23) | 0.11 (0.06-0.20) | 1.78 (1.29-3.06) | Â |
Age (years) | 19 (19–20) | 19 (19–20) | 19 (19–20) | 0.72 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.0 (19.5-22.5) | 21.0 (19.5-22.6) | 21.7 (19.3-22.2) | 0.99 |
Residential region | Â | Â | Â | 0.37 |
  North (Kanto and Tohoku) | 268 (60.5) | 250 (59.8) | 18 (72.0) |  |
  Central (Tokai and Hokuriku) | 73 (16.5) | 69 (16.5) | 4 (16.0) |  |
  South (Kyushu and Chugoku) | 102 (23.0) | 99 (23.7) | 3 (12.0) |  |
Size of residential area | Â | Â | Â | 0.75 |
  City with population ≥1 million | 77 (17.4) | 74 (17.7) | 3 (12.0) |  |
  City with population <1 million | 329 (74.3) | 309 (73.9) | 20 (80.0) |  |
  Town and village | 37 (8.4) | 35 (8.4) | 2 (8.0) |  |
Current smoking | Â | Â | Â | 0.86 |
  No | 428 (96.6) | 404 (96.7) | 24 (96.0) |  |
  Yes | 15 (3.5) | 14 (3.4) | 1 (4.0) |  |
Alcohol drinking | Â | Â | Â | 0.10 |
  No | 248 (56.0) | 230 (55.0) | 18 (72.0) |  |
  Yes | 195 (44.0) | 188 (45.0) | 7 (28.0) |  |
Dietary supplement use | Â | Â | Â | 0.33 |
  No | 357 (80.6) | 335 (80.1) | 22 (88.0) |  |
  Yes | 86 (19.4) | 83 (19.9) | 3 (12.0) |  |
Physical activity (total metabolic equivalents-hours/d) | 33.2 (32.2-34.5) | 33.2 (32.2-34.4) | 33.3 (32.4-34.6) | 0.57 |
Energy intake (kcal/d) | 1718 (1475–1986) | 1717 (1476–1976) | 1795 (1347–1994) | 0.99 |
Total n-3 PUFA intake (g/d)‡ | 2.2 (1.9-2.6) | 2.2 (1.9-2.6) | 2.2 (1.9-2.6) | 0.50 |
Dietary TAC‡ |  |  |  |  |
  FRAP (mmol Fe2+/d) | 10.61 (7.42-16.06) | 10.79 (7.55-16.33) | 7.65 (5.47-11.68) | 0.004 |
  ORAC (mmol TE/d) | 16.78 (12.43-24.12) | 17.30 (12.93-24.63) | 13.00 (9.38-16.93) | 0.003 |
  TEAC (mmol TE/d) | 6.26 (4.67-8.83) | 6.45 (4.73-8.92) | 5.32 (3.66-6.01) | 0.01 |
  TRAP (mmol TE/d) | 6.71 (4.34-10.24) | 6.85 (4.50-10.48) | 4.47 (3.60-6.48) | 0.01 |