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Table 4 Micronutrient intake of the obese study population compared to DRI and the reference population

From: Micronutrient deficiency in obese subjects undergoing low calorie diet

  

Female subjects (n = 76)

Male subjects (n = 28)

Micronutrients

DRI a

Obese study population

Reference population (NNS II)

P b

Obese subjects [%] below DRI

DRI a

Obese study population

Reference population (NNS II)

P b

Obese subjects [%] below DRI

Retinol

[μg]

800

629.0 ± 76.57

600.0 ± 0.01

ns

86

1000

594.2 ± 55.92

1000.0 ± 0.01

<.001

89

β-Carotene

[mg]

4.8

3.0 ± 0.24

5.4 ± 0.04

<.001

86

6

2.7 ± 0.31

5.1 ± 0.04

<.001

93

Vitamin D

[μg]

5

2.5 ± 0.32

2.9 ± 0.03

<.05

87

5

2.4 ± 0.31

3.8 ± 0.04

<.001

93

Vitamin E

[mg]

12

11.7 ± 0.56

13.4 ± 0.08

<.05

55

14

11.4 ± 0.80

16.0 ± 0.12

<.05

75

Vitamin B1

[mg]

1

1.2 ± 0.04

1.3 ± 0.01

ns

25

1.2

1.4 ± 0.10

1.8 ± 0.01

<.05

39

Vitamin B2

[mg]

1.2

1.4 ± 0.04

1.7 ± 0.01

<.05

33

1.4

1.5 ± 0.09

2.2 ± 0.02

<.01

39

Niacin-equivalent

[mg]

13

31.2 ± 0.98

28.6 ± 0.13

ns

0

16

34.9 ± 1.67

39.8 ± 0.22

ns

0

Vitamin B6

[mg]

1.2

1.5 ± 0.04

2.0 ± 0.01

<.001

24

1.5

1.7 ± 0.09

2.6 ± 0.02

<.01

43

Folate-equivalent

[μg]

400

215.2 ± 8.07

290.0 ± 1.94

<.001

99

400

213.4 ± 11.07

338.0 ± 3.09

<.001

100

Vitamin B12

[μg]

3

4.9 ± 0.31

4.3 ± 0.02

ns

30

3

5.7 ± 0.36

6.5 ± 0.04

ns

4

Vitamin C

[mg]

100

92.1 ± 5.30

152.0 ± 0.95

<.001

66

100

86.2 ± 8.50

152.0 ± 1.14

<.001

71

Sodium

[g]

550

3321.7 ± 119.01

2494.0 ± 9.41

<.001

0

550

3981.6 ± 246.13

3458.0 ± 15.72

<.05

0

Potassium

[mg]

2000

2649.1 ± 72.92

3243.0 ± 11.29

<.001

14

2000

2757.2 ± 146.67

3789.0 ± 15.06

<.001

11

Calcium

[mg]

1000

979.9 ± 46.72

1019.0 ± 4.33

ns

63

1000

1020.4 ± 75.47

1143.0 ± 5.93

ns

61

Magnesium

[mg]

300

365.2 ± 12.23

376.0 ± 1.23

ns

29

350

380.9 ± 23.01

452.0 ± 1.74

<.05

46

Iron

[mg]

15

12.9 ± 0.36

12.3 ± 0.04

ns

78

10

14.7 ± 0.79

15.2 ± 0.06

ns

7

Zinc

[mg]

7

12.0 ± 0.36

9.5 ± 0.03

<.001

3

10

14.2 ± 0.71

12.3 ± 0.05

<.05

4

Iodine

[μg]

200

83.9 ± 4.08

98.0 ± 0.45

ns

99

200

92.8 ± 6.67

107.0 ± 0.5

ns

100

  1. Abbreviations: DRI = Dietary Reference Intake, NNS II = National Nutrition Survey II.
  2. Data are presented as mean ± SE.
  3. a Recommendations for nutrient intake in Germany, Austria and Switzerland (D-A-CH reference values)[18].
  4. b Obese study population compared to German reference population (NNS II).
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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