Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients categorized by timing of feeding initiation and break down by illness severity
Characteristic | APACHE II <20 | APACHE II ≥20 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early | Late | |||||
(n = 47) | (n = 61) | |||||
(n = 40) | (n = 68) | |||||
Early | Late | Early | Late | |||
(n = 14) | (n = 33) | (n = 26) | (n = 35) | |||
Gender (M/F), n | M 27 | M 53 | M 8 | M 26 | M 19 | M 27 |
F 13 | F 15 | F 6 | F 7 | F 7 | F 8 | |
Age (y) | 72.8 ± 11.1† | 67.5 ± 15.9* | 64.1 ± 13.6 | 62.3 ± 15.2 | 77.5 ± 5.5 | 72.4 ± 15.2 |
Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) | 23.1 ± 4.4 | 23.5 ± 5.5 | 25.4 ± 4.6 | 24.5 ± 6.1 | 21.8 ± 3.8 | 22.6 ± 4.8 |
Diagnosis at ICU admission, n | ||||||
Cardiovascular | 7 | 12 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 7 |
Respiratory | 20 | 30 | 7 | 15 | 13 | 15 |
Gastrointestinal | 3 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
Neurological | 3 | 10 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 |
Sepsis | 4 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
Others | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 40 (100)† | 68 (100) | 14 (100) | 33 (100) | 26 (100) | 35 (100) |
Admission to feeding initiation (h) | 45.6 ± 7.3 | 109.4 ± 47.7 *** | 48.0 ± 0.0 | 109.1 ± 46.1 *** | 44.3 ± 8.8 | 109.7 ± 53.4 *** |
Enteral feeding route, n | ||||||
NG tube feeding | 23 | 35 | 6 | 18 | 17 | 17 |
ND tube feeding | 17 | 33 | 8 | 15 | 9 | 18 |
Recommended energy requirement (kcal/d) | 1718 ± 174 | 1757 ± 184 | 1721 ± 193 | 1755 ± 172 | 1715 ± 167 | 1760 ± 197 |
Recommended protein requirement (g/d) | 69.5 ± 12.4 | 69.1 ± 12.4 | 71.4 ± 12.3 | 70.6 ± 11.6 | 68.4 ± 12.6 | 67.7 ± 13.0 |
APACHE II score at ICU admission | 21.4 ± 6.2 | 20.4 ± 7.1 | 15.3 ± 3.2 | 14.6 ± 2.8 | 24.7 ± 4.8 | 25.9 ± 5.4 |
Patients taking prokinetic agents, n (%) | 13 (32.5) | 23 (33.8) | 3 (21.4) | 12 (36.4) | 10 (38.5) | 11 (31.4) |
Patients taking PPIs or H 2 antagonists, n (%) | 15 (37.5) | 17 (25.0) | 4 (28.6) | 7 (21.2) | 11 (42.3) | 10 (28.6) |
Patients taking antibiotics, n (%) | 39 (97.5) | 54 (79.4) ** | 14 (100) | 26 (78.8)** | 25 (96.2) | 28 (80)* |