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Table 3 Associations (adjusted OR, 95%CI) of total energy, macronutrients, and alcohol intakes with CRC risk, CRC case-control study in NL and ON

From: Association of total energy intake and macronutrient consumption with colorectal cancer risk: results from a large population-based case-control study in Newfoundland and Labrador and Ontario, Canada

Intakes of total energy, macronutrients, and alcohol

Quintiles of intakes

p-trendb

 

Q1e

Q3e

Q5e

 

Total energy

    

   No. of cases/controls

313/537

343/505

404/443

 

   Median intake (kcal/day)

1348.5

2109.3

3308.9

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

1.19(0.92,1.53)

1.56*(1.21,2.01)

0.02

Protein

    

   No. of cases/controls

372/479

334/513

335/512

 

   Median intake (g/day)

68.4

85.6

106.7

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

0.88(0.70,1.11)

0.85*(0.69,1.00)

0.06

Carbohydrate

    

   No. of cases/controls

392/458

332/516

334/513

 

   Median intake (g/day)

229.1

282.6

341.5

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

0.84(0.67,1.02)

0.81*(0.63,1.00)

0.05

Total Fat

    

   No. of cases/controls

344/506

362/487

372/475

 

   Median intake (g/day)

60.1

80.5

102.8

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

1.18(0.94,1.50)

0.96(0.75,1.22)

0.71

Total dietary fibre

    

   No. of cases/controls

388/462

355/493

308/539

 

   Median intake (g/day)

15.1

23.7

35.2

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

0.97(0.77,1.23)

0.84*(0.67,0.99)

0.04

Saturated Fatty Acids

    

   No. of cases/controls

346/504

331/517

378/469

 

   Median intake (g/day)

19.0

26.6

35.2

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

1.03(0.81,1.31)

1.00(0.79,1.26)

0.80

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids

    

   No. of cases/controls

341/509

342/506

371/476

 

   Median intake (g/day)

21.2

29.1

38.2

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

1.07(0.84,1.35)

0.99(0.78,1.26)

0.70

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

    

   No. of cases/controls

357/493

343/505

372/475

 

   Median intake (g/day)

11.6

16.4

22.4

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

1.03(0.81,1.30)

0.98(0.77,1.23)

0.47

Cholesterol

    

   No. of cases/controls

342/508

339/509

380/467

 

   Median intake (mg/day)

178.8

265.8

392.0

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

0.84(0.65,1.07)

1.00(0.79,1.28)

0.88

Alcohol

    

   No. of cases/controls

382/467

309/539

344/503

 

   Median intake (g/day)

0

13.6

182.8

 

   ORa (95% CI)

1.00

0.88(0.67,1.17)

1.17(0.85,1.61)

0.38

  1. a Adjusted for total energy intake. Other potential confounders included age, sex, BMI, physical activity (METs/week), family history of CRC, polyps, diabetes, reported colon screening procedure, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, education attainment, household income, marital status, regular use of NSAID, regular use of multivitamin supplements, regular use of folate supplement, regular use of calcium supplement, reported HRT (females only), province of residence, and intakes of fruits, vegetables, and red meat. Variables were included in the final model based on a ≥ 10% alternation in the parameter coefficient of interest.
  2. b Two-sided p value for test of linear trend was calculated by using median values for each quintile of intake.
  3. e Q1 for quintile 1, Q3 for quintile 3, Q5 for quintile
  4. * Significant different from reference category, p ≤ 0.05