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Table 1 Characteristics of the adult population

From: Is high body fat estimated by body mass index and waist circumference a predictor of hypertension in adults? A population-based study

Variables

Women

Men

 

n

X (CI 95%)

n

X (CI 95%)

Total

959

 

761

 

Age (years)

959

38.5 (37.8- 39.3)

761

37.4 (36.5- 38.2)

Educational level

958

11.6 (11.3- 11.9)

758

11.7 (11.4 - 12.0)

Per capita family income (R$)

940

1.311.3 (1.219-3- 1.403.3)

745

1586.5 (1.420.0- 1.753.1)*

Body mass (kg)

925

65.3 (64.4- 66.2)

752

77.9 (76.9- 78.9)*

Height (cm)

928

160.4 (160.0- 160.9)

756

173.2 (172.7- 173.7)*

Body mass index (kg/m 2 )

923

25.4 (25.1- 25.7)

751

25.9 (25.6- 26.2)

Waist circumference (cm)

920

79.3 (78.4- 80.1)

751

88.4 (87.5- 89.2)*

Fat percentage (equation with BM I)

923

33.0 (32.5-33.4)*

751

20.9 (20.5-21.3)

Fat percentage (equation with WCI)

920

34.0 (33.5-34.5)*

751

22.1 (21.6-22.6)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

928

127.5 (126.2- 128.6)

754

139.8 (138.4- 141.1)*

Diastolic blood pressure ( (mmHg)

928

81.9 (81.0- 82.8)

754

88.7 (87.6- 89.7)*

 

n

% (95% CI)

n

(95% CI)

Skin color

    

White

802

83.7 (79.8- 87.5)

642

84.1 (79.9 – 87.6)

Light-skinned black

73

8.0 (5.7- 10.2)

74

10.1 (6.8- 13.4)

Dark-skinned black

53

5.3 (3.0- 7.6)

34

4.5 (2.6- 6.6)

Yellow

15

1.7 (0.8 - 2.5)

02

0.3 (0.1 - 0.6)

Indigenous

12

1.3 (0.6 - 2.1)

08

1.0 (0.3 - 1.7)

Age group

    

20-39 years

500

53.9 (49.6-58.1)

432

57.7 (52.3-63.0)

40-59 years

459

46.1 (41.9-50.3)

329

42.3 (37.0-47.7)

Smoking

    

No smoker

548

57.4 (53.2- 61.5)

378

51.3 (46.1- 56.5)

Former smoker

238

25.1 (21.2- 28.9)

211

27.3 (22.3- 32.4)

Light smoker

92

9.5 (7.6- 11.4)

66

8.3 (6.1- 10.4)

Moderate / heavy smoker

77

8.0 (6.1- 9.9)

101

13.1 (10.2- 15.8)*

Problematic alcohol use

    

No

870

90.4 (87.7- 93.0)

533

70.3 (66.1- 74.6)

Yes

89

9.6 (7.0- 12.3)

228

29.7 (25.3- 35.9)*

Physical activity at leisure time

    

Active

400

41.4 (36.6- 46.1)

406

53.7 (48.1- 59.2)

Inactive

558

58.6 (53.8- 63.3)*

354

46.3 (40.7- 51.8)

Food habit

    

Adequate

222

23.1 (19.8- 26.3)

101

13.4 (10.1- 16.8)

Inadequate

736

76.9 (73.7- 80.2)

660

86.6 (83.2- 89.9)*

BMI

    

<18.5 kg/m2

26

2.8 (1.6- 4.0)

8

1.0 (0.2- 1.7)

18.5 – 24.9 kg/m2

493

54.1 (50.0- 58.2)

346

46.9 (42.6- 51.0)

25.0 – 29.9 kg/m2

249

26.4 (23.4- 29.3)

282

37.4 (34.1- 40.7)*

≥ 30.0 kg/m2

155

16.7 (13.7- 19.6)

115

14.7 (11.8- 17.4)

WC (cm) ‡

    

No risk

536

58.6 (53.8- 63.4)

541

73.1 (69.2- 76.9)

High risk

188

21.0 (17.8- 24.1)

119

15.7 (12.9- 18.5)

Very high risk

196

20.4 (17.1- 23.6)*

91

11.2 (8.8- 13.6)

Fat percentage (equation with BMI)

    

Normal

568

62.4 (58.2-66.5)

451

61.0 (56.7-65.4)

Increased

364

37.6 (33.4-41.7)

299

39.0 (34.6-43.3)

Fat percentage (equation with WC)

    

Normal

610

66.7 (62.2-71.2)

421

56.9 (52.3-61.4)

Increased

309

33.3 (28.7-37.7)

329

43.1 (38.5-47.7)*

Hypertension

    

No

642

69.5 (65.4- 73.6)

360

48.4 (44.2- 52.5)

Yes

286

30.5 (26.4- 34.6)

394

51.6 (47.5- 55.7)*

  1. CI 95%: confidence interval of 95%; X - mean; *significant difference between sexes (p<0.05); †R$: Brazilian currency, 1US$ = 1,7R$ during the data collection period; BMI: Body mass index; WC: waist circumference.