Skip to main content

Table 4 Change in Bone Resorption Markers in Response to a More Alkaline Diet

From: Causal assessment of dietary acid load and bone disease: a systematic review & meta-analysis applying Hill's epidemiologic criteria for causality

1st Author

year

n

Subjects

Comparison

Design

Change NAE

Marker

Fasting

Control

Alkaline

Percent change of marker

Kerstetter

1999

16

Women 20 - 40 years

High vs medium pro

RCO

 

NTX/Cr

yes

48.2 (29)

43.5 (28)

-10*

Roughead

2003

13

Postmeno women

High to low meat

RCO

-19

NTX/Cr

no

3.77 (0.33)*

3.88 (0.33)*

11

Dawson- Hughes

2004

32

Adults > 50 yrs

High vs low pro

RCT

 

NTX/Cr

no

130 (71)

198 (100)

52*

Roughead

2005

15

Postmeno women

Milk to soy pro

RCO

-11

NTX/Cr

no

3.08 (0.24)*

3.20 (0.24)*

15

Sakhaee

2005

18

Postmeno women

Kcitrate

RCO

0

NTx/Cr

no

33 (13)

33 (14)

0.0

Sakhaee

2005

18

Postmeno women

Kcitrate

RCO

0

sCTX

yes

0.54 (0.32)

0.49 (0.29)

-9.3

Spence

2005

15

Postmeno women

Milk to soy pro

RCO

-2

NTX/Cr

no

55.6 (29.0)

48 (22.6)

-14

Kerstetter

2006

20

Women

Amt of soy

RCO

-29

NTx/Cr

yes

52 (27)

48 (13)

-7.7

Kerstetter

2006

20

Women

Soy versus meat

RCO

-24

NTx/Cr

yes

64 (36)

48 (13)

-25

Kerstetter

2006

20

Women

Amt of meat

RCO

-18

NTx/Cr

yes

51 (36)

64 (36)

25

Ceglia

2008

19

Adults > 50 yrs

KHCO3 (high pro)

RCT

-57

NTX/Cr

no

40.4 (19.1)

35.1 (7.0)

-13

MacDonald

2008

46

Postmeno women

Kcitrate (high)

RCT

 

DPD/Cr

yes

8.1 (3.4)

7.4 (2.0)

-8.6

MacDonald

2008

44

Postmeno women

Kcitrate (low)

RCT

 

DPD/Cr

yes

7.5 (2.4)

7.1 (2.1)

-5.3

MacDonald

2008

50

Postmeno women

Ft & veg

RCT

 

DPD/Cr

yes

7.2 (2.3)

7.1 (2.0)

-1.4

MacDonald

2008

50

Postmeno women

Kcitrate (high)

RCT

 

sCTX

no

0.21 (0.11)

0.20 (0.11)

-4.3

MacDonald

2008

51

Postmeno women

Kcitrate (low)

RCT

 

sCTX

no

0.23 (0.11)

0.22 (0.10)

-4.3

MacDonald

2008

54

Postmeno women

Ft & veg

RCT

 

sCTX

no

0.20 (0.13)

0.21 (0.11)

5.0

Dawson- Hughes

2009

162

Adults > 50 yrs

K or Na HCO3

RCT

-35

NTX/Cr

no

38.8 (17.2)

33.7 (13.9)

-13

Hunt

2009

13

Postmeno women

high to low pro (low Ca)

RCO

-24

DPD/Cr

yes

2.3 (0.2)*

2.4 (0.2)*

15*

Hunt

2009

14

Postmeno women

high to low pro (High Ca)

RCO

-22

DPD/Cr

yes

2.2 (0.2)*

2.3 (0.2)*

12*

Karp

2009

12

Women 20 - 30 years

Kcitrate

RCO

 

NTX/Cr

no

23 (12)

16 (10)*

-28*

  1. * p < 0.05
  2. DPD/Cr = urine deoxypyridinoline to creatinine ratio; NTX/Cr = urine N-telopeptide to creatinine ratio; RCT = random control trial; RCO = random cross-over study; pro = protein, sCTX = serum C-telopeptide, * ln transformed data