Table 1 Description of the families surveyed.
From: The "Snacking Child" and its social network: some insights from an italian survey
| Â | N | Snacker | No snacker | Overall | p-value 1 | BMI | p-value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | 608 | 607 | 1215 | Â | (Snackers only) | Â |
Number of children in the family | Â | Â | Â | Â | p < 0.001 | Â | p = 0.232 |
   One |  | 63 (10.4) | 109 (18.0) | 172 (14.2) |  | 17.6 [15.2; 19.2] |  |
   Two or more |  | 545 (89.6) | 498 (82.0) | 1043 (85.8) |  | 17.3 [15.3; 20.4] |  |
Number of Children in the family aged 6-10 yrs | Â | Â | Â | Â | p = 0.001 | Â | p = 0.047 |
   One |  | 395 (65.0) | 450 (74.1) | 845 (69.5) |  | 17.8 [15.3; 20.4] |  |
   Two or more |  | 213 (35.0) | 157 (25.9) | 370 (30.5) |  | 16.6 [15.3; 19.0] |  |
Family Composition | Â | Â | Â | Â | p = 0.003 | Â | p = 0.017 |
   Normal (father, mother and children) |  | 527 (86.7) | 558 (91.9) | 1085 (89.3) |  | 17.6 [15.3; 19.2] |  |
   Enlarged (normal with grandparents or other relatives living together) |  | 81 (13.3) | 49 (8.1) | 130 (10.7) |  | 16.6 [16.0; 23.1] |  |
Father's Education | 1213 | Â | Â | Â | p < 0.001 | Â | p = 0.005 |
   Up to the mandatory school |  | 312 (51.3) | 233 (38.5) | 545 (44.9) |  | 17.6 [15.9; 20.4] |  |
   High school degree |  | 225 (37.0) | 270 (44.6) | 495 (40.8) |  | 17.8 [15.2; 19.2] |  |
   BS or more |  | 71 (11.7) | 102 (16.9) | 173 (14.3) |  | 15.9 [13.9; 20.0] |  |
Mother's Education | 1208 | Â | Â | Â | p = 0.001 | Â | p = 0.060 |
   Up to the mandatory school |  | 246 (40.8) | 208 (34.4) | 454 (37.6) |  | 17.8 [16.0; 20.7] |  |
   High school degree |  | 306 (50.7) | 309 (51.1) | 615 (50.9) |  | 17.3 [15.2; 19.0] |  |
   BS or more |  | 51 (8.5) | 88 (14.5) | 139 (11.5) |  | 17.5 [14.5; 19.4] |  |
Father's Job | 1211 | Â | Â | Â | p = ns | Â | p = 0.005 |
   Independent worker |  | 221 (36.3) | 237 (39.3) | 458 (37.8) |  | 18.1 [15.3; 20.4] |  |
   Dependent worker |  | 377 (62.0) | 359 (59.5) | 736 (60.8) |  | 17.1 [15.3; 19.2] |  |
   Other (retired, unemployed) |  | 10 (1.6) | 7 (1.2) | 17 (1.4) |  | 15.3 [15.3; 15.3] |  |
Mother's Job | 1207 | Â | Â | Â | p = ns | Â | p = 0.010 |
   Independent worker |  | 91 (15.1) | 89 (14.7) | 180 (14.9) |  | 16.6 [15.9; 18.2] |  |
   Dependent worker |  | 247 (41.0) | 257 (42.5) | 504 (41.8) |  | 17.3 [14.9; 19.0] |  |
   Other (retired, unemployed, housewife) |  | 265 (43.9) | 258 (42.7) | 523 (43.3) |  | 17.8 [15.9; 20.8] |  |
Mother has a full time job (40 hrs per week) | 1207 | Â | Â | Â | p = ns | Â | p = 0.053 |
   Yes |  | 129 (38.7) | 134 (39.0) | 263 (38.8) |  | 16.5 [14.9; 19.0] |  |
   No |  | 204 (61.3) | 210 (61.0) | 414 (61.2) |  | 17.8 [15.3; 18.3] |  |
Who is taking care of the child outside schooltime | 1213 | Â | Â | Â | p = 0.009 | Â | p < 0.001 |
   Mother/Father |  | 499 (82.1) | 529 (87.4) | 1028 (84.7) |  | 17.6 [15.9; 20.4] |  |
   Other people |  | 109 (17.9) | 76 (12.6) | 185 (15.3) |  | 15.3 [14.6; 18.8] |  |
Exercise Time (hours per week) of the mother | 1175 | Â | Â | Â | p < 0.001 | Â | p < 0.001 |
   None |  | 428 (74.8) | 416 (69.0) | 844 (71.8) |  | 16.7 [15.3; 18.8] |  |
   Between one and three hours |  | 68 (11.9) | 138 (22.9) | 206 (17.5) |  | 19.0 [17.8; 20.8] |  |
   Four hours or more |  | 76 (13.3) | 49 (8.1) | 125 (10.6) |  | 18.3 [14.9; 20.4] |  |
Mother's BMI | 1161 | 23 [21; 24] | 22 [20; 24] | 22 [20; 24] | p = 0.015 | Â | p < 0.001 |
   Underweight/normal |  | 454 (79.9) | 472 (79.6) | 926 (79.8) | p = 0.002 | 16.7 [15.3; 18.8] |  |
   Overweight |  | 72 (12.7) | 101 (17.0) | 173 (14.9) |  | 20.0 [17.6; 20.4] |  |
   Obese |  | 42 (7.4) | 20 (3.4) | 62 (5.3) |  | 21.4 [14.3; 23.4] |  |
Exercise Time (hours per week) of the father | 1176 | Â | Â | Â | p = ns | Â | p = 0.025 |
   None |  | 425 (73.7) | 424 (70.8) | 849 (72.2) |  | 17.4 [15.8; 19.2] |  |
   Between one and three hours |  | 93 (16.1) | 100 (16.7) | 193 (16.4) |  | 17.8 [15.3; 20.8] |  |
   Between four and six hours |  | 43 (7.5) | 57 (9.5) | 100 (8.5) |  | 18.3 [14.9; 19.2] |  |
   Seven hours or more |  | 16 (2.8) | 18 (3.0) | 34 (2.9) |  | 14.8 [11.6; 22.4] |  |
Father's BMI | 1100 | 25 [24; 27] | 25 [24; 27] | 25 [24; 27] | p = 0.152 | Â | p < 0.001 |
   Underweight/normal |  | 265 (48.4) | 285 (51.5) | 550 (50.0) | p = ns | 16.6 [15.3; 18.7] |  |
   Overweight |  | 243 (44.4) | 227 (41.0) | 470 (42.7) |  | 17.8 [15.1; 20.7] |  |
   Obese |  | 39 (7.1) | 41 (7.4) | 80 (7.3) |  | 18.3 [17.6; 22.8] |  |
Nationality of the family | 1193 | Â | Â | Â | p = ns | Â | p = 0.003 |
   Italian |  | 557 (94.7) | 579 (95.7) | 1136 (95.2) |  | 17.4 [15.3; 19.8] |  |
   Mixed Italian and other nationality |  | 21 (3.6) | 20 (3.3) | 41 (3.4) |  | 21.4 [15.3; 25.7] |  |
   Other nationality |  | 10 (1.7) | 6 (1.0) | 16 (1.3) |  | - |  |